var globals = function(defs) {
    defs('EPSG:4326', "+title=WGS 84 (long/lat) +proj=longlat +ellps=WGS84 +datum=WGS84 +units=degrees");
    defs('EPSG:4269', "+title=NAD83 (long/lat) +proj=longlat +a=6378137.0 +b=6356752.31414036 +ellps=GRS80 +datum=NAD83 +units=degrees");
    defs('EPSG:3857', "+title=WGS 84 / Pseudo-Mercator +proj=merc +a=6378137 +b=6378137 +lat_ts=0.0 +lon_0=0.0 +x_0=0.0 +y_0=0 +k=1.0 +units=m +nadgrids=@null +no_defs");
  
    defs.WGS84 = defs['EPSG:4326'];
    defs['EPSG:3785'] = defs['EPSG:3857']; // maintain backward compat, official code is 3857
    defs.GOOGLE = defs['EPSG:3857'];
    defs['EPSG:900913'] = defs['EPSG:3857'];
    defs['EPSG:102113'] = defs['EPSG:3857'];
  };
  
  var PJD_3PARAM = 1;
  var PJD_7PARAM = 2;
  var PJD_GRIDSHIFT = 3;
  var PJD_WGS84 = 4; // WGS84 or equivalent
  var PJD_NODATUM = 5; // WGS84 or equivalent
  var SRS_WGS84_SEMIMAJOR = 6378137.0;  // only used in grid shift transforms
  var SRS_WGS84_SEMIMINOR = 6356752.314;  // only used in grid shift transforms
  var SRS_WGS84_ESQUARED = 0.0066943799901413165; // only used in grid shift transforms
  var SEC_TO_RAD = 4.84813681109535993589914102357e-6;
  var HALF_PI = Math.PI/2;
  // ellipoid pj_set_ell.c
  var SIXTH = 0.1666666666666666667;
  /* 1/6 */
  var RA4 = 0.04722222222222222222;
  /* 17/360 */
  var RA6 = 0.02215608465608465608;
  var EPSLN = 1.0e-10;
  // you'd think you could use Number.EPSILON above but that makes
  // Mollweide get into an infinate loop.
  
  var D2R = 0.01745329251994329577;
  var R2D = 57.29577951308232088;
  var FORTPI = Math.PI/4;
  var TWO_PI = Math.PI * 2;
  // SPI is slightly greater than Math.PI, so values that exceed the -180..180
  // degree range by a tiny amount don't get wrapped. This prevents points that
  // have drifted from their original location along the 180th meridian (due to
  // floating point error) from changing their sign.
  var SPI = 3.14159265359;
  
  var exports$1 = {};
  exports$1.greenwich = 0.0; //"0dE",
  exports$1.lisbon = -9.131906111111; //"9d07'54.862\"W",
  exports$1.paris = 2.337229166667; //"2d20'14.025\"E",
  exports$1.bogota = -74.080916666667; //"74d04'51.3\"W",
  exports$1.madrid = -3.687938888889; //"3d41'16.58\"W",
  exports$1.rome = 12.452333333333; //"12d27'8.4\"E",
  exports$1.bern = 7.439583333333; //"7d26'22.5\"E",
  exports$1.jakarta = 106.807719444444; //"106d48'27.79\"E",
  exports$1.ferro = -17.666666666667; //"17d40'W",
  exports$1.brussels = 4.367975; //"4d22'4.71\"E",
  exports$1.stockholm = 18.058277777778; //"18d3'29.8\"E",
  exports$1.athens = 23.7163375; //"23d42'58.815\"E",
  exports$1.oslo = 10.722916666667; //"10d43'22.5\"E"
  
  var units = {
    ft: {to_meter: 0.3048},
    'us-ft': {to_meter: 1200 / 3937}
  };
  
  var ignoredChar = /[\s_\-\/\(\)]/g;
  function match(obj, key) {
    if (obj[key]) {
      return obj[key];
    }
    var keys = Object.keys(obj);
    var lkey = key.toLowerCase().replace(ignoredChar, '');
    var i = -1;
    var testkey, processedKey;
    while (++i < keys.length) {
      testkey = keys[i];
      processedKey = testkey.toLowerCase().replace(ignoredChar, '');
      if (processedKey === lkey) {
        return obj[testkey];
      }
    }
  }
  
  var parseProj = function(defData) {
    var self = {};
    var paramObj = defData.split('+').map(function(v) {
      return v.trim();
    }).filter(function(a) {
      return a;
    }).reduce(function(p, a) {
      var split = a.split('=');
      split.push(true);
      p[split[0].toLowerCase()] = split[1];
      return p;
    }, {});
    var paramName, paramVal, paramOutname;
    var params = {
      proj: 'projName',
      datum: 'datumCode',
      rf: function(v) {
        self.rf = parseFloat(v);
      },
      lat_0: function(v) {
        self.lat0 = v * D2R;
      },
      lat_1: function(v) {
        self.lat1 = v * D2R;
      },
      lat_2: function(v) {
        self.lat2 = v * D2R;
      },
      lat_ts: function(v) {
        self.lat_ts = v * D2R;
      },
      lon_0: function(v) {
        self.long0 = v * D2R;
      },
      lon_1: function(v) {
        self.long1 = v * D2R;
      },
      lon_2: function(v) {
        self.long2 = v * D2R;
      },
      alpha: function(v) {
        self.alpha = parseFloat(v) * D2R;
      },
      gamma: function(v) {
        self.rectified_grid_angle = parseFloat(v);
      },
      lonc: function(v) {
        self.longc = v * D2R;
      },
      x_0: function(v) {
        self.x0 = parseFloat(v);
      },
      y_0: function(v) {
        self.y0 = parseFloat(v);
      },
      k_0: function(v) {
        self.k0 = parseFloat(v);
      },
      k: function(v) {
        self.k0 = parseFloat(v);
      },
      a: function(v) {
        self.a = parseFloat(v);
      },
      b: function(v) {
        self.b = parseFloat(v);
      },
      r_a: function() {
        self.R_A = true;
      },
      zone: function(v) {
        self.zone = parseInt(v, 10);
      },
      south: function() {
        self.utmSouth = true;
      },
      towgs84: function(v) {
        self.datum_params = v.split(",").map(function(a) {
          return parseFloat(a);
        });
      },
      to_meter: function(v) {
        self.to_meter = parseFloat(v);
      },
      units: function(v) {
        self.units = v;
        var unit = match(units, v);
        if (unit) {
          self.to_meter = unit.to_meter;
        }
      },
      from_greenwich: function(v) {
        self.from_greenwich = v * D2R;
      },
      pm: function(v) {
        var pm = match(exports$1, v);
        self.from_greenwich = (pm ? pm : parseFloat(v)) * D2R;
      },
      nadgrids: function(v) {
        if (v === '@null') {
          self.datumCode = 'none';
        }
        else {
          self.nadgrids = v;
        }
      },
      axis: function(v) {
        var legalAxis = "ewnsud";
        if (v.length === 3 && legalAxis.indexOf(v.substr(0, 1)) !== -1 && legalAxis.indexOf(v.substr(1, 1)) !== -1 && legalAxis.indexOf(v.substr(2, 1)) !== -1) {
          self.axis = v;
        }
      },
      approx: function() {
        self.approx = true;
      }
    };
    for (paramName in paramObj) {
      paramVal = paramObj[paramName];
      if (paramName in params) {
        paramOutname = params[paramName];
        if (typeof paramOutname === 'function') {
          paramOutname(paramVal);
        }
        else {
          self[paramOutname] = paramVal;
        }
      }
      else {
        self[paramName] = paramVal;
      }
    }
    if(typeof self.datumCode === 'string' && self.datumCode !== "WGS84"){
      self.datumCode = self.datumCode.toLowerCase();
    }
    return self;
  };
  
  var NEUTRAL = 1;
  var KEYWORD = 2;
  var NUMBER = 3;
  var QUOTED = 4;
  var AFTERQUOTE = 5;
  var ENDED = -1;
  var whitespace = /\s/;
  var latin = /[A-Za-z]/;
  var keyword = /[A-Za-z84]/;
  var endThings = /[,\]]/;
  var digets = /[\d\.E\-\+]/;
  // const ignoredChar = /[\s_\-\/\(\)]/g;
  function Parser(text) {
    if (typeof text !== 'string') {
      throw new Error('not a string');
    }
    this.text = text.trim();
    this.level = 0;
    this.place = 0;
    this.root = null;
    this.stack = [];
    this.currentObject = null;
    this.state = NEUTRAL;
  }
  Parser.prototype.readCharicter = function() {
    var char = this.text[this.place++];
    if (this.state !== QUOTED) {
      while (whitespace.test(char)) {
        if (this.place >= this.text.length) {
          return;
        }
        char = this.text[this.place++];
      }
    }
    switch (this.state) {
      case NEUTRAL:
        return this.neutral(char);
      case KEYWORD:
        return this.keyword(char)
      case QUOTED:
        return this.quoted(char);
      case AFTERQUOTE:
        return this.afterquote(char);
      case NUMBER:
        return this.number(char);
      case ENDED:
        return;
    }
  };
  Parser.prototype.afterquote = function(char) {
    if (char === '"') {
      this.word += '"';
      this.state = QUOTED;
      return;
    }
    if (endThings.test(char)) {
      this.word = this.word.trim();
      this.afterItem(char);
      return;
    }
    throw new Error('havn\'t handled "' +char + '" in afterquote yet, index ' + this.place);
  };
  Parser.prototype.afterItem = function(char) {
    if (char === ',') {
      if (this.word !== null) {
        this.currentObject.push(this.word);
      }
      this.word = null;
      this.state = NEUTRAL;
      return;
    }
    if (char === ']') {
      this.level--;
      if (this.word !== null) {
        this.currentObject.push(this.word);
        this.word = null;
      }
      this.state = NEUTRAL;
      this.currentObject = this.stack.pop();
      if (!this.currentObject) {
        this.state = ENDED;
      }
  
      return;
    }
  };
  Parser.prototype.number = function(char) {
    if (digets.test(char)) {
      this.word += char;
      return;
    }
    if (endThings.test(char)) {
      this.word = parseFloat(this.word);
      this.afterItem(char);
      return;
    }
    throw new Error('havn\'t handled "' +char + '" in number yet, index ' + this.place);
  };
  Parser.prototype.quoted = function(char) {
    if (char === '"') {
      this.state = AFTERQUOTE;
      return;
    }
    this.word += char;
    return;
  };
  Parser.prototype.keyword = function(char) {
    if (keyword.test(char)) {
      this.word += char;
      return;
    }
    if (char === '[') {
      var newObjects = [];
      newObjects.push(this.word);
      this.level++;
      if (this.root === null) {
        this.root = newObjects;
      } else {
        this.currentObject.push(newObjects);
      }
      this.stack.push(this.currentObject);
      this.currentObject = newObjects;
      this.state = NEUTRAL;
      return;
    }
    if (endThings.test(char)) {
      this.afterItem(char);
      return;
    }
    throw new Error('havn\'t handled "' +char + '" in keyword yet, index ' + this.place);
  };
  Parser.prototype.neutral = function(char) {
    if (latin.test(char)) {
      this.word = char;
      this.state = KEYWORD;
      return;
    }
    if (char === '"') {
      this.word = '';
      this.state = QUOTED;
      return;
    }
    if (digets.test(char)) {
      this.word = char;
      this.state = NUMBER;
      return;
    }
    if (endThings.test(char)) {
      this.afterItem(char);
      return;
    }
    throw new Error('havn\'t handled "' +char + '" in neutral yet, index ' + this.place);
  };
  Parser.prototype.output = function() {
    while (this.place < this.text.length) {
      this.readCharicter();
    }
    if (this.state === ENDED) {
      return this.root;
    }
    throw new Error('unable to parse string "' +this.text + '". State is ' + this.state);
  };
  
  function parseString(txt) {
    var parser = new Parser(txt);
    return parser.output();
  }
  
  function mapit(obj, key, value) {
    if (Array.isArray(key)) {
      value.unshift(key);
      key = null;
    }
    var thing = key ? {} : obj;
  
    var out = value.reduce(function(newObj, item) {
      sExpr(item, newObj);
      return newObj
    }, thing);
    if (key) {
      obj[key] = out;
    }
  }
  
  function sExpr(v, obj) {
    if (!Array.isArray(v)) {
      obj[v] = true;
      return;
    }
    var key = v.shift();
    if (key === 'PARAMETER') {
      key = v.shift();
    }
    if (v.length === 1) {
      if (Array.isArray(v[0])) {
        obj[key] = {};
        sExpr(v[0], obj[key]);
        return;
      }
      obj[key] = v[0];
      return;
    }
    if (!v.length) {
      obj[key] = true;
      return;
    }
    if (key === 'TOWGS84') {
      obj[key] = v;
      return;
    }
    if (key === 'AXIS') {
      if (!(key in obj)) {
        obj[key] = [];
      }
      obj[key].push(v);
      return;
    }
    if (!Array.isArray(key)) {
      obj[key] = {};
    }
  
    var i;
    switch (key) {
      case 'UNIT':
      case 'PRIMEM':
      case 'VERT_DATUM':
        obj[key] = {
          name: v[0].toLowerCase(),
          convert: v[1]
        };
        if (v.length === 3) {
          sExpr(v[2], obj[key]);
        }
        return;
      case 'SPHEROID':
      case 'ELLIPSOID':
        obj[key] = {
          name: v[0],
          a: v[1],
          rf: v[2]
        };
        if (v.length === 4) {
          sExpr(v[3], obj[key]);
        }
        return;
      case 'PROJECTEDCRS':
      case 'PROJCRS':
      case 'GEOGCS':
      case 'GEOCCS':
      case 'PROJCS':
      case 'LOCAL_CS':
      case 'GEODCRS':
      case 'GEODETICCRS':
      case 'GEODETICDATUM':
      case 'EDATUM':
      case 'ENGINEERINGDATUM':
      case 'VERT_CS':
      case 'VERTCRS':
      case 'VERTICALCRS':
      case 'COMPD_CS':
      case 'COMPOUNDCRS':
      case 'ENGINEERINGCRS':
      case 'ENGCRS':
      case 'FITTED_CS':
      case 'LOCAL_DATUM':
      case 'DATUM':
        v[0] = ['name', v[0]];
        mapit(obj, key, v);
        return;
      default:
        i = -1;
        while (++i < v.length) {
          if (!Array.isArray(v[i])) {
            return sExpr(v, obj[key]);
          }
        }
        return mapit(obj, key, v);
    }
  }
  
  var D2R$1 = 0.01745329251994329577;
  function rename(obj, params) {
    var outName = params[0];
    var inName = params[1];
    if (!(outName in obj) && (inName in obj)) {
      obj[outName] = obj[inName];
      if (params.length === 3) {
        obj[outName] = params[2](obj[outName]);
      }
    }
  }
  
  function d2r(input) {
    return input * D2R$1;
  }
  
  function cleanWKT(wkt) {
    if (wkt.type === 'GEOGCS') {
      wkt.projName = 'longlat';
    } else if (wkt.type === 'LOCAL_CS') {
      wkt.projName = 'identity';
      wkt.local = true;
    } else {
      if (typeof wkt.PROJECTION === 'object') {
        wkt.projName = Object.keys(wkt.PROJECTION)[0];
      } else {
        wkt.projName = wkt.PROJECTION;
      }
    }
    if (wkt.AXIS) {
      var axisOrder = '';
      for (var i = 0, ii = wkt.AXIS.length; i < ii; ++i) {
        var axis = [wkt.AXIS[i][0].toLowerCase(), wkt.AXIS[i][1].toLowerCase()];
        if (axis[0].indexOf('north') !== -1 || ((axis[0] === 'y' || axis[0] === 'lat') && axis[1] === 'north')) {
          axisOrder += 'n';
        } else if (axis[0].indexOf('south') !== -1 || ((axis[0] === 'y' || axis[0] === 'lat') && axis[1] === 'south')) {
          axisOrder += 's';
        } else if (axis[0].indexOf('east') !== -1 || ((axis[0] === 'x' || axis[0] === 'lon') && axis[1] === 'east')) {
          axisOrder += 'e';
        } else if (axis[0].indexOf('west') !== -1 || ((axis[0] === 'x' || axis[0] === 'lon') && axis[1] === 'west')) {
          axisOrder += 'w';
        }
      }
      if (axisOrder.length === 2) {
        axisOrder += 'u';
      }
      if (axisOrder.length === 3) {
        wkt.axis = axisOrder;
      }
    }
    if (wkt.UNIT) {
      wkt.units = wkt.UNIT.name.toLowerCase();
      if (wkt.units === 'metre') {
        wkt.units = 'meter';
      }
      if (wkt.UNIT.convert) {
        if (wkt.type === 'GEOGCS') {
          if (wkt.DATUM && wkt.DATUM.SPHEROID) {
            wkt.to_meter = wkt.UNIT.convert*wkt.DATUM.SPHEROID.a;
          }
        } else {
          wkt.to_meter = wkt.UNIT.convert;
        }
      }
    }
    var geogcs = wkt.GEOGCS;
    if (wkt.type === 'GEOGCS') {
      geogcs = wkt;
    }
    if (geogcs) {
      //if(wkt.GEOGCS.PRIMEM&&wkt.GEOGCS.PRIMEM.convert){
      //  wkt.from_greenwich=wkt.GEOGCS.PRIMEM.convert*D2R;
      //}
      if (geogcs.DATUM) {
        wkt.datumCode = geogcs.DATUM.name.toLowerCase();
      } else {
        wkt.datumCode = geogcs.name.toLowerCase();
      }
      if (wkt.datumCode.slice(0, 2) === 'd_') {
        wkt.datumCode = wkt.datumCode.slice(2);
      }
      if (wkt.datumCode === 'new_zealand_geodetic_datum_1949' || wkt.datumCode === 'new_zealand_1949') {
        wkt.datumCode = 'nzgd49';
      }
      if (wkt.datumCode === 'wgs_1984' || wkt.datumCode === 'world_geodetic_system_1984') {
        if (wkt.PROJECTION === 'Mercator_Auxiliary_Sphere') {
          wkt.sphere = true;
        }
        wkt.datumCode = 'wgs84';
      }
      if (wkt.datumCode.slice(-6) === '_ferro') {
        wkt.datumCode = wkt.datumCode.slice(0, - 6);
      }
      if (wkt.datumCode.slice(-8) === '_jakarta') {
        wkt.datumCode = wkt.datumCode.slice(0, - 8);
      }
      if (~wkt.datumCode.indexOf('belge')) {
        wkt.datumCode = 'rnb72';
      }
      if (geogcs.DATUM && geogcs.DATUM.SPHEROID) {
        wkt.ellps = geogcs.DATUM.SPHEROID.name.replace('_19', '').replace(/[Cc]larke\_18/, 'clrk');
        if (wkt.ellps.toLowerCase().slice(0, 13) === 'international') {
          wkt.ellps = 'intl';
        }
  
        wkt.a = geogcs.DATUM.SPHEROID.a;
        wkt.rf = parseFloat(geogcs.DATUM.SPHEROID.rf, 10);
      }
  
      if (geogcs.DATUM && geogcs.DATUM.TOWGS84) {
        wkt.datum_params = geogcs.DATUM.TOWGS84;
      }
      if (~wkt.datumCode.indexOf('osgb_1936')) {
        wkt.datumCode = 'osgb36';
      }
      if (~wkt.datumCode.indexOf('osni_1952')) {
        wkt.datumCode = 'osni52';
      }
      if (~wkt.datumCode.indexOf('tm65')
        || ~wkt.datumCode.indexOf('geodetic_datum_of_1965')) {
        wkt.datumCode = 'ire65';
      }
      if (wkt.datumCode === 'ch1903+') {
        wkt.datumCode = 'ch1903';
      }
      if (~wkt.datumCode.indexOf('israel')) {
        wkt.datumCode = 'isr93';
      }
    }
    if (wkt.b && !isFinite(wkt.b)) {
      wkt.b = wkt.a;
    }
  
    function toMeter(input) {
      var ratio = wkt.to_meter || 1;
      return input * ratio;
    }
    var renamer = function(a) {
      return rename(wkt, a);
    };
    var list = [
      ['standard_parallel_1', 'Standard_Parallel_1'],
      ['standard_parallel_1', 'Latitude of 1st standard parallel'],
      ['standard_parallel_2', 'Standard_Parallel_2'],
      ['standard_parallel_2', 'Latitude of 2nd standard parallel'],
      ['false_easting', 'False_Easting'],
      ['false_easting', 'False easting'],
      ['false-easting', 'Easting at false origin'],
      ['false_northing', 'False_Northing'],
      ['false_northing', 'False northing'],
      ['false_northing', 'Northing at false origin'],
      ['central_meridian', 'Central_Meridian'],
      ['central_meridian', 'Longitude of natural origin'],
      ['central_meridian', 'Longitude of false origin'],
      ['latitude_of_origin', 'Latitude_Of_Origin'],
      ['latitude_of_origin', 'Central_Parallel'],
      ['latitude_of_origin', 'Latitude of natural origin'],
      ['latitude_of_origin', 'Latitude of false origin'],
      ['scale_factor', 'Scale_Factor'],
      ['k0', 'scale_factor'],
      ['latitude_of_center', 'Latitude_Of_Center'],
      ['latitude_of_center', 'Latitude_of_center'],
      ['lat0', 'latitude_of_center', d2r],
      ['longitude_of_center', 'Longitude_Of_Center'],
      ['longitude_of_center', 'Longitude_of_center'],
      ['longc', 'longitude_of_center', d2r],
      ['x0', 'false_easting', toMeter],
      ['y0', 'false_northing', toMeter],
      ['long0', 'central_meridian', d2r],
      ['lat0', 'latitude_of_origin', d2r],
      ['lat0', 'standard_parallel_1', d2r],
      ['lat1', 'standard_parallel_1', d2r],
      ['lat2', 'standard_parallel_2', d2r],
      ['azimuth', 'Azimuth'],
      ['alpha', 'azimuth', d2r],
      ['srsCode', 'name']
    ];
    list.forEach(renamer);
    if (!wkt.long0 && wkt.longc && (wkt.projName === 'Albers_Conic_Equal_Area' || wkt.projName === 'Lambert_Azimuthal_Equal_Area')) {
      wkt.long0 = wkt.longc;
    }
    if (!wkt.lat_ts && wkt.lat1 && (wkt.projName === 'Stereographic_South_Pole' || wkt.projName === 'Polar Stereographic (variant B)')) {
      wkt.lat0 = d2r(wkt.lat1 > 0 ? 90 : -90);
      wkt.lat_ts = wkt.lat1;
    }
  }
  var wkt = function(wkt) {
    var lisp = parseString(wkt);
    var type = lisp.shift();
    var name = lisp.shift();
    lisp.unshift(['name', name]);
    lisp.unshift(['type', type]);
    var obj = {};
    sExpr(lisp, obj);
    cleanWKT(obj);
    return obj;
  };
  
  function defs(name) {
    /*global console*/
    var that = this;
    if (arguments.length === 2) {
      var def = arguments[1];
      if (typeof def === 'string') {
        if (def.charAt(0) === '+') {
          defs[name] = parseProj(arguments[1]);
        }
        else {
          defs[name] = wkt(arguments[1]);
        }
      } else {
        defs[name] = def;
      }
    }
    else if (arguments.length === 1) {
      if (Array.isArray(name)) {
        return name.map(function(v) {
          if (Array.isArray(v)) {
            defs.apply(that, v);
          }
          else {
            defs(v);
          }
        });
      }
      else if (typeof name === 'string') {
        if (name in defs) {
          return defs[name];
        }
      }
      else if ('EPSG' in name) {
        defs['EPSG:' + name.EPSG] = name;
      }
      else if ('ESRI' in name) {
        defs['ESRI:' + name.ESRI] = name;
      }
      else if ('IAU2000' in name) {
        defs['IAU2000:' + name.IAU2000] = name;
      }
      else {
        console.log(name);
      }
      return;
    }
  
  
  }
  globals(defs);
  
  function testObj(code){
    return typeof code === 'string';
  }
  function testDef(code){
    return code in defs;
  }
  var codeWords = ['PROJECTEDCRS', 'PROJCRS', 'GEOGCS','GEOCCS','PROJCS','LOCAL_CS', 'GEODCRS', 'GEODETICCRS', 'GEODETICDATUM', 'ENGCRS', 'ENGINEERINGCRS'];
  function testWKT(code){
    return codeWords.some(function (word) {
      return code.indexOf(word) > -1;
    });
  }
  var codes = ['3857', '900913', '3785', '102113'];
  function checkMercator(item) {
    var auth = match(item, 'authority');
    if (!auth) {
      return;
    }
    var code = match(auth, 'epsg');
    return code && codes.indexOf(code) > -1;
  }
  function checkProjStr(item) {
    var ext = match(item, 'extension');
    if (!ext) {
      return;
    }
    return match(ext, 'proj4');
  }
  function testProj(code){
    return code[0] === '+';
  }
  function parse(code){
    if (testObj(code)) {
      //check to see if this is a WKT string
      if (testDef(code)) {
        return defs[code];
      }
      if (testWKT(code)) {
        var out = wkt(code);
        // test of spetial case, due to this being a very common and often malformed
        if (checkMercator(out)) {
          return defs['EPSG:3857'];
        }
        var maybeProjStr = checkProjStr(out);
        if (maybeProjStr) {
          return parseProj(maybeProjStr);
        }
        return out;
      }
      if (testProj(code)) {
        return parseProj(code);
      }
    }else{
      return code;
    }
  }
  
  var extend = function(destination, source) {
    destination = destination || {};
    var value, property;
    if (!source) {
      return destination;
    }
    for (property in source) {
      value = source[property];
      if (value !== undefined) {
        destination[property] = value;
      }
    }
    return destination;
  };
  
  var msfnz = function(eccent, sinphi, cosphi) {
    var con = eccent * sinphi;
    return cosphi / (Math.sqrt(1 - con * con));
  };
  
  var sign = function(x) {
    return x<0 ? -1 : 1;
  };
  
  var adjust_lon = function(x) {
    return (Math.abs(x) <= SPI) ? x : (x - (sign(x) * TWO_PI));
  };
  
  var tsfnz = function(eccent, phi, sinphi) {
    var con = eccent * sinphi;
    var com = 0.5 * eccent;
    con = Math.pow(((1 - con) / (1 + con)), com);
    return (Math.tan(0.5 * (HALF_PI - phi)) / con);
  };
  
  var phi2z = function(eccent, ts) {
    var eccnth = 0.5 * eccent;
    var con, dphi;
    var phi = HALF_PI - 2 * Math.atan(ts);
    for (var i = 0; i <= 15; i++) {
      con = eccent * Math.sin(phi);
      dphi = HALF_PI - 2 * Math.atan(ts * (Math.pow(((1 - con) / (1 + con)), eccnth))) - phi;
      phi += dphi;
      if (Math.abs(dphi) <= 0.0000000001) {
        return phi;
      }
    }
    //console.log("phi2z has NoConvergence");
    return -9999;
  };
  
  function init() {
    var con = this.b / this.a;
    this.es = 1 - con * con;
    if(!('x0' in this)){
      this.x0 = 0;
    }
    if(!('y0' in this)){
      this.y0 = 0;
    }
    this.e = Math.sqrt(this.es);
    if (this.lat_ts) {
      if (this.sphere) {
        this.k0 = Math.cos(this.lat_ts);
      }
      else {
        this.k0 = msfnz(this.e, Math.sin(this.lat_ts), Math.cos(this.lat_ts));
      }
    }
    else {
      if (!this.k0) {
        if (this.k) {
          this.k0 = this.k;
        }
        else {
          this.k0 = 1;
        }
      }
    }
  }
  
  /* Mercator forward equations--mapping lat,long to x,y
    --------------------------------------------------*/
  
  function forward(p) {
    var lon = p.x;
    var lat = p.y;
    // convert to radians
    if (lat * R2D > 90 && lat * R2D < -90 && lon * R2D > 180 && lon * R2D < -180) {
      return null;
    }
  
    var x, y;
    if (Math.abs(Math.abs(lat) - HALF_PI) <= EPSLN) {
      return null;
    }
    else {
      if (this.sphere) {
        x = this.x0 + this.a * this.k0 * adjust_lon(lon - this.long0);
        y = this.y0 + this.a * this.k0 * Math.log(Math.tan(FORTPI + 0.5 * lat));
      }
      else {
        var sinphi = Math.sin(lat);
        var ts = tsfnz(this.e, lat, sinphi);
        x = this.x0 + this.a * this.k0 * adjust_lon(lon - this.long0);
        y = this.y0 - this.a * this.k0 * Math.log(ts);
      }
      p.x = x;
      p.y = y;
      return p;
    }
  }
  
  /* Mercator inverse equations--mapping x,y to lat/long
    --------------------------------------------------*/
  function inverse(p) {
  
    var x = p.x - this.x0;
    var y = p.y - this.y0;
    var lon, lat;
  
    if (this.sphere) {
      lat = HALF_PI - 2 * Math.atan(Math.exp(-y / (this.a * this.k0)));
    }
    else {
      var ts = Math.exp(-y / (this.a * this.k0));
      lat = phi2z(this.e, ts);
      if (lat === -9999) {
        return null;
      }
    }
    lon = adjust_lon(this.long0 + x / (this.a * this.k0));
  
    p.x = lon;
    p.y = lat;
    return p;
  }
  
  var names$1 = ["Mercator", "Popular Visualisation Pseudo Mercator", "Mercator_1SP", "Mercator_Auxiliary_Sphere", "merc"];
  var merc = {
    init: init,
    forward: forward,
    inverse: inverse,
    names: names$1
  };
  
  function init$1() {
    //no-op for longlat
  }
  
  function identity(pt) {
    return pt;
  }
  var names$2 = ["longlat", "identity"];
  var longlat = {
    init: init$1,
    forward: identity,
    inverse: identity,
    names: names$2
  };
  
  var projs = [merc, longlat];
  var names = {};
  var projStore = [];
  
  function add(proj, i) {
    var len = projStore.length;
    if (!proj.names) {
      console.log(i);
      return true;
    }
    projStore[len] = proj;
    proj.names.forEach(function(n) {
      names[n.toLowerCase()] = len;
    });
    return this;
  }
  
  function get(name) {
    if (!name) {
      return false;
    }
    var n = name.toLowerCase();
    if (typeof names[n] !== 'undefined' && projStore[names[n]]) {
      return projStore[names[n]];
    }
  }
  
  function start() {
    projs.forEach(add);
  }
  var projections = {
    start: start,
    add: add,
    get: get
  };
  
  var exports$2 = {};
  exports$2.MERIT = {
    a: 6378137.0,
    rf: 298.257,
    ellipseName: "MERIT 1983"
  };
  
  exports$2.SGS85 = {
    a: 6378136.0,
    rf: 298.257,
    ellipseName: "Soviet Geodetic System 85"
  };
  
  exports$2.GRS80 = {
    a: 6378137.0,
    rf: 298.257222101,
    ellipseName: "GRS 1980(IUGG, 1980)"
  };
  
  exports$2.IAU76 = {
    a: 6378140.0,
    rf: 298.257,
    ellipseName: "IAU 1976"
  };
  
  exports$2.airy = {
    a: 6377563.396,
    b: 6356256.910,
    ellipseName: "Airy 1830"
  };
  
  exports$2.APL4 = {
    a: 6378137,
    rf: 298.25,
    ellipseName: "Appl. Physics. 1965"
  };
  
  exports$2.NWL9D = {
    a: 6378145.0,
    rf: 298.25,
    ellipseName: "Naval Weapons Lab., 1965"
  };
  
  exports$2.mod_airy = {
    a: 6377340.189,
    b: 6356034.446,
    ellipseName: "Modified Airy"
  };
  
  exports$2.andrae = {
    a: 6377104.43,
    rf: 300.0,
    ellipseName: "Andrae 1876 (Den., Iclnd.)"
  };
  
  exports$2.aust_SA = {
    a: 6378160.0,
    rf: 298.25,
    ellipseName: "Australian Natl & S. Amer. 1969"
  };
  
  exports$2.GRS67 = {
    a: 6378160.0,
    rf: 298.2471674270,
    ellipseName: "GRS 67(IUGG 1967)"
  };
  
  exports$2.bessel = {
    a: 6377397.155,
    rf: 299.1528128,
    ellipseName: "Bessel 1841"
  };
  
  exports$2.bess_nam = {
    a: 6377483.865,
    rf: 299.1528128,
    ellipseName: "Bessel 1841 (Namibia)"
  };
  
  exports$2.clrk66 = {
    a: 6378206.4,
    b: 6356583.8,
    ellipseName: "Clarke 1866"
  };
  
  exports$2.clrk80 = {
    a: 6378249.145,
    rf: 293.4663,
    ellipseName: "Clarke 1880 mod."
  };
  
  exports$2.clrk58 = {
    a: 6378293.645208759,
    rf: 294.2606763692654,
    ellipseName: "Clarke 1858"
  };
  
  exports$2.CPM = {
    a: 6375738.7,
    rf: 334.29,
    ellipseName: "Comm. des Poids et Mesures 1799"
  };
  
  exports$2.delmbr = {
    a: 6376428.0,
    rf: 311.5,
    ellipseName: "Delambre 1810 (Belgium)"
  };
  
  exports$2.engelis = {
    a: 6378136.05,
    rf: 298.2566,
    ellipseName: "Engelis 1985"
  };
  
  exports$2.evrst30 = {
    a: 6377276.345,
    rf: 300.8017,
    ellipseName: "Everest 1830"
  };
  
  exports$2.evrst48 = {
    a: 6377304.063,
    rf: 300.8017,
    ellipseName: "Everest 1948"
  };
  
  exports$2.evrst56 = {
    a: 6377301.243,
    rf: 300.8017,
    ellipseName: "Everest 1956"
  };
  
  exports$2.evrst69 = {
    a: 6377295.664,
    rf: 300.8017,
    ellipseName: "Everest 1969"
  };
  
  exports$2.evrstSS = {
    a: 6377298.556,
    rf: 300.8017,
    ellipseName: "Everest (Sabah & Sarawak)"
  };
  
  exports$2.fschr60 = {
    a: 6378166.0,
    rf: 298.3,
    ellipseName: "Fischer (Mercury Datum) 1960"
  };
  
  exports$2.fschr60m = {
    a: 6378155.0,
    rf: 298.3,
    ellipseName: "Fischer 1960"
  };
  
  exports$2.fschr68 = {
    a: 6378150.0,
    rf: 298.3,
    ellipseName: "Fischer 1968"
  };
  
  exports$2.helmert = {
    a: 6378200.0,
    rf: 298.3,
    ellipseName: "Helmert 1906"
  };
  
  exports$2.hough = {
    a: 6378270.0,
    rf: 297.0,
    ellipseName: "Hough"
  };
  
  exports$2.intl = {
    a: 6378388.0,
    rf: 297.0,
    ellipseName: "International 1909 (Hayford)"
  };
  
  exports$2.kaula = {
    a: 6378163.0,
    rf: 298.24,
    ellipseName: "Kaula 1961"
  };
  
  exports$2.lerch = {
    a: 6378139.0,
    rf: 298.257,
    ellipseName: "Lerch 1979"
  };
  
  exports$2.mprts = {
    a: 6397300.0,
    rf: 191.0,
    ellipseName: "Maupertius 1738"
  };
  
  exports$2.new_intl = {
    a: 6378157.5,
    b: 6356772.2,
    ellipseName: "New International 1967"
  };
  
  exports$2.plessis = {
    a: 6376523.0,
    rf: 6355863.0,
    ellipseName: "Plessis 1817 (France)"
  };
  
  exports$2.krass = {
    a: 6378245.0,
    rf: 298.3,
    ellipseName: "Krassovsky, 1942"
  };
  
  exports$2.SEasia = {
    a: 6378155.0,
    b: 6356773.3205,
    ellipseName: "Southeast Asia"
  };
  
  exports$2.walbeck = {
    a: 6376896.0,
    b: 6355834.8467,
    ellipseName: "Walbeck"
  };
  
  exports$2.WGS60 = {
    a: 6378165.0,
    rf: 298.3,
    ellipseName: "WGS 60"
  };
  
  exports$2.WGS66 = {
    a: 6378145.0,
    rf: 298.25,
    ellipseName: "WGS 66"
  };
  
  exports$2.WGS7 = {
    a: 6378135.0,
    rf: 298.26,
    ellipseName: "WGS 72"
  };
  
  var WGS84 = exports$2.WGS84 = {
    a: 6378137.0,
    rf: 298.257223563,
    ellipseName: "WGS 84"
  };
  
  exports$2.sphere = {
    a: 6370997.0,
    b: 6370997.0,
    ellipseName: "Normal Sphere (r=6370997)"
  };
  
  function eccentricity(a, b, rf, R_A) {
    var a2 = a * a; // used in geocentric
    var b2 = b * b; // used in geocentric
    var es = (a2 - b2) / a2; // e ^ 2
    var e = 0;
    if (R_A) {
      a *= 1 - es * (SIXTH + es * (RA4 + es * RA6));
      a2 = a * a;
      es = 0;
    } else {
      e = Math.sqrt(es); // eccentricity
    }
    var ep2 = (a2 - b2) / b2; // used in geocentric
    return {
      es: es,
      e: e,
      ep2: ep2
    };
  }
  function sphere(a, b, rf, ellps, sphere) {
    if (!a) { // do we have an ellipsoid?
      var ellipse = match(exports$2, ellps);
      if (!ellipse) {
        ellipse = WGS84;
      }
      a = ellipse.a;
      b = ellipse.b;
      rf = ellipse.rf;
    }
  
    if (rf && !b) {
      b = (1.0 - 1.0 / rf) * a;
    }
    if (rf === 0 || Math.abs(a - b) < EPSLN) {
      sphere = true;
      b = a;
    }
    return {
      a: a,
      b: b,
      rf: rf,
      sphere: sphere
    };
  }
  
  var exports$3 = {};
  exports$3.wgs84 = {
    towgs84: "0,0,0",
    ellipse: "WGS84",
    datumName: "WGS84"
  };
  
  exports$3.ch1903 = {
    towgs84: "674.374,15.056,405.346",
    ellipse: "bessel",
    datumName: "swiss"
  };
  
  exports$3.ggrs87 = {
    towgs84: "-199.87,74.79,246.62",
    ellipse: "GRS80",
    datumName: "Greek_Geodetic_Reference_System_1987"
  };
  
  exports$3.nad83 = {
    towgs84: "0,0,0",
    ellipse: "GRS80",
    datumName: "North_American_Datum_1983"
  };
  
  exports$3.nad27 = {
    nadgrids: "@conus,@alaska,@ntv2_0.gsb,@ntv1_can.dat",
    ellipse: "clrk66",
    datumName: "North_American_Datum_1927"
  };
  
  exports$3.potsdam = {
    towgs84: "598.1,73.7,418.2,0.202,0.045,-2.455,6.7",
    ellipse: "bessel",
    datumName: "Potsdam Rauenberg 1950 DHDN"
  };
  
  exports$3.carthage = {
    towgs84: "-263.0,6.0,431.0",
    ellipse: "clark80",
    datumName: "Carthage 1934 Tunisia"
  };
  
  exports$3.hermannskogel = {
    towgs84: "577.326,90.129,463.919,5.137,1.474,5.297,2.4232",
    ellipse: "bessel",
    datumName: "Hermannskogel"
  };
  
  exports$3.osni52 = {
    towgs84: "482.530,-130.596,564.557,-1.042,-0.214,-0.631,8.15",
    ellipse: "airy",
    datumName: "Irish National"
  };
  
  exports$3.ire65 = {
    towgs84: "482.530,-130.596,564.557,-1.042,-0.214,-0.631,8.15",
    ellipse: "mod_airy",
    datumName: "Ireland 1965"
  };
  
  exports$3.rassadiran = {
    towgs84: "-133.63,-157.5,-158.62",
    ellipse: "intl",
    datumName: "Rassadiran"
  };
  
  exports$3.nzgd49 = {
    towgs84: "59.47,-5.04,187.44,0.47,-0.1,1.024,-4.5993",
    ellipse: "intl",
    datumName: "New Zealand Geodetic Datum 1949"
  };
  
  exports$3.osgb36 = {
    towgs84: "446.448,-125.157,542.060,0.1502,0.2470,0.8421,-20.4894",
    ellipse: "airy",
    datumName: "Airy 1830"
  };
  
  exports$3.s_jtsk = {
    towgs84: "589,76,480",
    ellipse: 'bessel',
    datumName: 'S-JTSK (Ferro)'
  };
  
  exports$3.beduaram = {
    towgs84: '-106,-87,188',
    ellipse: 'clrk80',
    datumName: 'Beduaram'
  };
  
  exports$3.gunung_segara = {
    towgs84: '-403,684,41',
    ellipse: 'bessel',
    datumName: 'Gunung Segara Jakarta'
  };
  
  exports$3.rnb72 = {
    towgs84: "106.869,-52.2978,103.724,-0.33657,0.456955,-1.84218,1",
    ellipse: "intl",
    datumName: "Reseau National Belge 1972"
  };
  
  function datum(datumCode, datum_params, a, b, es, ep2, nadgrids) {
    var out = {};
  
    if (datumCode === undefined || datumCode === 'none') {
      out.datum_type = PJD_NODATUM;
    } else {
      out.datum_type = PJD_WGS84;
    }
  
    if (datum_params) {
      out.datum_params = datum_params.map(parseFloat);
      if (out.datum_params[0] !== 0 || out.datum_params[1] !== 0 || out.datum_params[2] !== 0) {
        out.datum_type = PJD_3PARAM;
      }
      if (out.datum_params.length > 3) {
        if (out.datum_params[3] !== 0 || out.datum_params[4] !== 0 || out.datum_params[5] !== 0 || out.datum_params[6] !== 0) {
          out.datum_type = PJD_7PARAM;
          out.datum_params[3] *= SEC_TO_RAD;
          out.datum_params[4] *= SEC_TO_RAD;
          out.datum_params[5] *= SEC_TO_RAD;
          out.datum_params[6] = (out.datum_params[6] / 1000000.0) + 1.0;
        }
      }
    }
  
    if (nadgrids) {
      out.datum_type = PJD_GRIDSHIFT;
      out.grids = nadgrids;
    }
    out.a = a; //datum object also uses these values
    out.b = b;
    out.es = es;
    out.ep2 = ep2;
    return out;
  }
  
  /**
   * Resources for details of NTv2 file formats:
   * - https://web.archive.org/web/20140127204822if_/http://www.mgs.gov.on.ca:80/stdprodconsume/groups/content/@mgs/@iandit/documents/resourcelist/stel02_047447.pdf
   * - http://mimaka.com/help/gs/html/004_NTV2%20Data%20Format.htm
   */
  
  var loadedNadgrids = {};
  
  /**
   * Load a binary NTv2 file (.gsb) to a key that can be used in a proj string like +nadgrids=<key>. Pass the NTv2 file
   * as an ArrayBuffer.
   */
  function nadgrid(key, data) {
    var view = new DataView(data);
    var isLittleEndian = detectLittleEndian(view);
    var header = readHeader(view, isLittleEndian);
    if (header.nSubgrids > 1) {
      console.log('Only single NTv2 subgrids are currently supported, subsequent sub grids are ignored');
    }
    var subgrids = readSubgrids(view, header, isLittleEndian);
    var nadgrid = {header: header, subgrids: subgrids};
    loadedNadgrids[key] = nadgrid;
    return nadgrid;
  }
  
  /**
   * Given a proj4 value for nadgrids, return an array of loaded grids
   */
  function getNadgrids(nadgrids) {
    // Format details: http://proj.maptools.org/gen_parms.html
    if (nadgrids === undefined) { return null; }
    var grids = nadgrids.split(',');
    return grids.map(parseNadgridString);
  }
  
  function parseNadgridString(value) {
    if (value.length === 0) {
      return null;
    }
    var optional = value[0] === '@';
    if (optional) {
      value = value.slice(1);
    }
    if (value === 'null') {
      return {name: 'null', mandatory: !optional, grid: null, isNull: true};
    }
    return {
      name: value,
      mandatory: !optional,
      grid: loadedNadgrids[value] || null,
      isNull: false
    };
  }
  
  function secondsToRadians(seconds) {
    return (seconds / 3600) * Math.PI / 180;
  }
  
  function detectLittleEndian(view) {
    var nFields = view.getInt32(8, false);
    if (nFields === 11) {
      return false;
    }
    nFields = view.getInt32(8, true);
    if (nFields !== 11) {
      console.warn('Failed to detect nadgrid endian-ness, defaulting to little-endian');
    }
    return true;
  }
  
  function readHeader(view, isLittleEndian) {
    return {
      nFields: view.getInt32(8, isLittleEndian),
      nSubgridFields: view.getInt32(24, isLittleEndian),
      nSubgrids: view.getInt32(40, isLittleEndian),
      shiftType: decodeString(view, 56, 56 + 8).trim(),
      fromSemiMajorAxis: view.getFloat64(120, isLittleEndian),
      fromSemiMinorAxis: view.getFloat64(136, isLittleEndian),
      toSemiMajorAxis: view.getFloat64(152, isLittleEndian),
      toSemiMinorAxis: view.getFloat64(168, isLittleEndian),
    };
  }
  
  function decodeString(view, start, end) {
    return String.fromCharCode.apply(null, new Uint8Array(view.buffer.slice(start, end)));
  }
  
  function readSubgrids(view, header, isLittleEndian) {
    var gridOffset = 176;
    var grids = [];
    for (var i = 0; i < header.nSubgrids; i++) {
      var subHeader = readGridHeader(view, gridOffset, isLittleEndian);
      var nodes = readGridNodes(view, gridOffset, subHeader, isLittleEndian);
      var lngColumnCount = Math.round(
        1 + (subHeader.upperLongitude - subHeader.lowerLongitude) / subHeader.longitudeInterval);
      var latColumnCount = Math.round(
        1 + (subHeader.upperLatitude - subHeader.lowerLatitude) / subHeader.latitudeInterval);
      // Proj4 operates on radians whereas the coordinates are in seconds in the grid
      grids.push({
        ll: [secondsToRadians(subHeader.lowerLongitude), secondsToRadians(subHeader.lowerLatitude)],
        del: [secondsToRadians(subHeader.longitudeInterval), secondsToRadians(subHeader.latitudeInterval)],
        lim: [lngColumnCount, latColumnCount],
        count: subHeader.gridNodeCount,
        cvs: mapNodes(nodes)
      });
    }
    return grids;
  }
  
  function mapNodes(nodes) {
    return nodes.map(function (r) {return [secondsToRadians(r.longitudeShift), secondsToRadians(r.latitudeShift)];});
  }
  
  function readGridHeader(view, offset, isLittleEndian) {
    return {
      name: decodeString(view, offset + 8, offset + 16).trim(),
      parent: decodeString(view, offset + 24, offset + 24 + 8).trim(),
      lowerLatitude: view.getFloat64(offset + 72, isLittleEndian),
      upperLatitude: view.getFloat64(offset + 88, isLittleEndian),
      lowerLongitude: view.getFloat64(offset + 104, isLittleEndian),
      upperLongitude: view.getFloat64(offset + 120, isLittleEndian),
      latitudeInterval: view.getFloat64(offset + 136, isLittleEndian),
      longitudeInterval: view.getFloat64(offset + 152, isLittleEndian),
      gridNodeCount: view.getInt32(offset + 168, isLittleEndian)
    };
  }
  
  function readGridNodes(view, offset, gridHeader, isLittleEndian) {
    var nodesOffset = offset + 176;
    var gridRecordLength = 16;
    var gridShiftRecords = [];
    for (var i = 0; i < gridHeader.gridNodeCount; i++) {
      var record = {
        latitudeShift: view.getFloat32(nodesOffset + i * gridRecordLength, isLittleEndian),
        longitudeShift: view.getFloat32(nodesOffset + i * gridRecordLength + 4, isLittleEndian),
        latitudeAccuracy: view.getFloat32(nodesOffset + i * gridRecordLength + 8, isLittleEndian),
        longitudeAccuracy: view.getFloat32(nodesOffset + i * gridRecordLength + 12, isLittleEndian),
      };
      gridShiftRecords.push(record);
    }
    return gridShiftRecords;
  }
  
  function Projection(srsCode,callback) {
    if (!(this instanceof Projection)) {
      return new Projection(srsCode);
    }
    callback = callback || function(error){
      if(error){
        throw error;
      }
    };
    var json = parse(srsCode);
    if(typeof json !== 'object'){
      callback(srsCode);
      return;
    }
    var ourProj = Projection.projections.get(json.projName);
    if(!ourProj){
      callback(srsCode);
      return;
    }
    if (json.datumCode && json.datumCode !== 'none') {
      var datumDef = match(exports$3, json.datumCode);
      if (datumDef) {
        json.datum_params = json.datum_params || (datumDef.towgs84 ? datumDef.towgs84.split(',') : null);
        json.ellps = datumDef.ellipse;
        json.datumName = datumDef.datumName ? datumDef.datumName : json.datumCode;
      }
    }
    json.k0 = json.k0 || 1.0;
    json.axis = json.axis || 'enu';
    json.ellps = json.ellps || 'wgs84';
    json.lat1 = json.lat1 || json.lat0; // Lambert_Conformal_Conic_1SP, for example, needs this
  
    var sphere_ = sphere(json.a, json.b, json.rf, json.ellps, json.sphere);
    var ecc = eccentricity(sphere_.a, sphere_.b, sphere_.rf, json.R_A);
    var nadgrids = getNadgrids(json.nadgrids);
    var datumObj = json.datum || datum(json.datumCode, json.datum_params, sphere_.a, sphere_.b, ecc.es, ecc.ep2,
      nadgrids);
  
    extend(this, json); // transfer everything over from the projection because we don't know what we'll need
    extend(this, ourProj); // transfer all the methods from the projection
  
    // copy the 4 things over we calulated in deriveConstants.sphere
    this.a = sphere_.a;
    this.b = sphere_.b;
    this.rf = sphere_.rf;
    this.sphere = sphere_.sphere;
  
    // copy the 3 things we calculated in deriveConstants.eccentricity
    this.es = ecc.es;
    this.e = ecc.e;
    this.ep2 = ecc.ep2;
  
    // add in the datum object
    this.datum = datumObj;
  
    // init the projection
    this.init();
  
    // legecy callback from back in the day when it went to spatialreference.org
    callback(null, this);
  
  }
  Projection.projections = projections;
  Projection.projections.start();
  
  'use strict';
  function compareDatums(source, dest) {
    if (source.datum_type !== dest.datum_type) {
      return false; // false, datums are not equal
    } else if (source.a !== dest.a || Math.abs(source.es - dest.es) > 0.000000000050) {
      // the tolerance for es is to ensure that GRS80 and WGS84
      // are considered identical
      return false;
    } else if (source.datum_type === PJD_3PARAM) {
      return (source.datum_params[0] === dest.datum_params[0] && source.datum_params[1] === dest.datum_params[1] && source.datum_params[2] === dest.datum_params[2]);
    } else if (source.datum_type === PJD_7PARAM) {
      return (source.datum_params[0] === dest.datum_params[0] && source.datum_params[1] === dest.datum_params[1] && source.datum_params[2] === dest.datum_params[2] && source.datum_params[3] === dest.datum_params[3] && source.datum_params[4] === dest.datum_params[4] && source.datum_params[5] === dest.datum_params[5] && source.datum_params[6] === dest.datum_params[6]);
    } else {
      return true; // datums are equal
    }
  } // cs_compare_datums()
  
  /*
   * The function Convert_Geodetic_To_Geocentric converts geodetic coordinates
   * (latitude, longitude, and height) to geocentric coordinates (X, Y, Z),
   * according to the current ellipsoid parameters.
   *
   *    Latitude  : Geodetic latitude in radians                     (input)
   *    Longitude : Geodetic longitude in radians                    (input)
   *    Height    : Geodetic height, in meters                       (input)
   *    X         : Calculated Geocentric X coordinate, in meters    (output)
   *    Y         : Calculated Geocentric Y coordinate, in meters    (output)
   *    Z         : Calculated Geocentric Z coordinate, in meters    (output)
   *
   */
  function geodeticToGeocentric(p, es, a) {
    var Longitude = p.x;
    var Latitude = p.y;
    var Height = p.z ? p.z : 0; //Z value not always supplied
  
    var Rn; /*  Earth radius at location  */
    var Sin_Lat; /*  Math.sin(Latitude)  */
    var Sin2_Lat; /*  Square of Math.sin(Latitude)  */
    var Cos_Lat; /*  Math.cos(Latitude)  */
  
    /*
     ** Don't blow up if Latitude is just a little out of the value
     ** range as it may just be a rounding issue.  Also removed longitude
     ** test, it should be wrapped by Math.cos() and Math.sin().  NFW for PROJ.4, Sep/2001.
     */
    if (Latitude < -HALF_PI && Latitude > -1.001 * HALF_PI) {
      Latitude = -HALF_PI;
    } else if (Latitude > HALF_PI && Latitude < 1.001 * HALF_PI) {
      Latitude = HALF_PI;
    } else if (Latitude < -HALF_PI) {
      /* Latitude out of range */
      //..reportError('geocent:lat out of range:' + Latitude);
      return { x: -Infinity, y: -Infinity, z: p.z };
    } else if (Latitude > HALF_PI) {
      /* Latitude out of range */
      return { x: Infinity, y: Infinity, z: p.z };
    }
  
    if (Longitude > Math.PI) {
      Longitude -= (2 * Math.PI);
    }
    Sin_Lat = Math.sin(Latitude);
    Cos_Lat = Math.cos(Latitude);
    Sin2_Lat = Sin_Lat * Sin_Lat;
    Rn = a / (Math.sqrt(1.0e0 - es * Sin2_Lat));
    return {
      x: (Rn + Height) * Cos_Lat * Math.cos(Longitude),
      y: (Rn + Height) * Cos_Lat * Math.sin(Longitude),
      z: ((Rn * (1 - es)) + Height) * Sin_Lat
    };
  } // cs_geodetic_to_geocentric()
  
  function geocentricToGeodetic(p, es, a, b) {
    /* local defintions and variables */
    /* end-criterium of loop, accuracy of sin(Latitude) */
    var genau = 1e-12;
    var genau2 = (genau * genau);
    var maxiter = 30;
  
    var P; /* distance between semi-minor axis and location */
    var RR; /* distance between center and location */
    var CT; /* sin of geocentric latitude */
    var ST; /* cos of geocentric latitude */
    var RX;
    var RK;
    var RN; /* Earth radius at location */
    var CPHI0; /* cos of start or old geodetic latitude in iterations */
    var SPHI0; /* sin of start or old geodetic latitude in iterations */
    var CPHI; /* cos of searched geodetic latitude */
    var SPHI; /* sin of searched geodetic latitude */
    var SDPHI; /* end-criterium: addition-theorem of sin(Latitude(iter)-Latitude(iter-1)) */
    var iter; /* # of continous iteration, max. 30 is always enough (s.a.) */
  
    var X = p.x;
    var Y = p.y;
    var Z = p.z ? p.z : 0.0; //Z value not always supplied
    var Longitude;
    var Latitude;
    var Height;
  
    P = Math.sqrt(X * X + Y * Y);
    RR = Math.sqrt(X * X + Y * Y + Z * Z);
  
    /*      special cases for latitude and longitude */
    if (P / a < genau) {
  
      /*  special case, if P=0. (X=0., Y=0.) */
      Longitude = 0.0;
  
      /*  if (X,Y,Z)=(0.,0.,0.) then Height becomes semi-minor axis
       *  of ellipsoid (=center of mass), Latitude becomes PI/2 */
      if (RR / a < genau) {
        Latitude = HALF_PI;
        Height = -b;
        return {
          x: p.x,
          y: p.y,
          z: p.z
        };
      }
    } else {
      /*  ellipsoidal (geodetic) longitude
       *  interval: -PI < Longitude <= +PI */
      Longitude = Math.atan2(Y, X);
    }
  
    /* --------------------------------------------------------------
     * Following iterative algorithm was developped by
     * "Institut for Erdmessung", University of Hannover, July 1988.
     * Internet: www.ife.uni-hannover.de
     * Iterative computation of CPHI,SPHI and Height.
     * Iteration of CPHI and SPHI to 10**-12 radian resp.
     * 2*10**-7 arcsec.
     * --------------------------------------------------------------
     */
    CT = Z / RR;
    ST = P / RR;
    RX = 1.0 / Math.sqrt(1.0 - es * (2.0 - es) * ST * ST);
    CPHI0 = ST * (1.0 - es) * RX;
    SPHI0 = CT * RX;
    iter = 0;
  
    /* loop to find sin(Latitude) resp. Latitude
     * until |sin(Latitude(iter)-Latitude(iter-1))| < genau */
    do {
      iter++;
      RN = a / Math.sqrt(1.0 - es * SPHI0 * SPHI0);
  
      /*  ellipsoidal (geodetic) height */
      Height = P * CPHI0 + Z * SPHI0 - RN * (1.0 - es * SPHI0 * SPHI0);
  
      RK = es * RN / (RN + Height);
      RX = 1.0 / Math.sqrt(1.0 - RK * (2.0 - RK) * ST * ST);
      CPHI = ST * (1.0 - RK) * RX;
      SPHI = CT * RX;
      SDPHI = SPHI * CPHI0 - CPHI * SPHI0;
      CPHI0 = CPHI;
      SPHI0 = SPHI;
    }
    while (SDPHI * SDPHI > genau2 && iter < maxiter);
  
    /*      ellipsoidal (geodetic) latitude */
    Latitude = Math.atan(SPHI / Math.abs(CPHI));
    return {
      x: Longitude,
      y: Latitude,
      z: Height
    };
  } // cs_geocentric_to_geodetic()
  
  /****************************************************************/
  // pj_geocentic_to_wgs84( p )
  //  p = point to transform in geocentric coordinates (x,y,z)
  
  
  /** point object, nothing fancy, just allows values to be
      passed back and forth by reference rather than by value.
      Other point classes may be used as long as they have
      x and y properties, which will get modified in the transform method.
  */
  function geocentricToWgs84(p, datum_type, datum_params) {
  
    if (datum_type === PJD_3PARAM) {
      // if( x[io] === HUGE_VAL )
      //    continue;
      return {
        x: p.x + datum_params[0],
        y: p.y + datum_params[1],
        z: p.z + datum_params[2],
      };
    } else if (datum_type === PJD_7PARAM) {
      var Dx_BF = datum_params[0];
      var Dy_BF = datum_params[1];
      var Dz_BF = datum_params[2];
      var Rx_BF = datum_params[3];
      var Ry_BF = datum_params[4];
      var Rz_BF = datum_params[5];
      var M_BF = datum_params[6];
      // if( x[io] === HUGE_VAL )
      //    continue;
      return {
        x: M_BF * (p.x - Rz_BF * p.y + Ry_BF * p.z) + Dx_BF,
        y: M_BF * (Rz_BF * p.x + p.y - Rx_BF * p.z) + Dy_BF,
        z: M_BF * (-Ry_BF * p.x + Rx_BF * p.y + p.z) + Dz_BF
      };
    }
  } // cs_geocentric_to_wgs84
  
  /****************************************************************/
  // pj_geocentic_from_wgs84()
  //  coordinate system definition,
  //  point to transform in geocentric coordinates (x,y,z)
  function geocentricFromWgs84(p, datum_type, datum_params) {
  
    if (datum_type === PJD_3PARAM) {
      //if( x[io] === HUGE_VAL )
      //    continue;
      return {
        x: p.x - datum_params[0],
        y: p.y - datum_params[1],
        z: p.z - datum_params[2],
      };
  
    } else if (datum_type === PJD_7PARAM) {
      var Dx_BF = datum_params[0];
      var Dy_BF = datum_params[1];
      var Dz_BF = datum_params[2];
      var Rx_BF = datum_params[3];
      var Ry_BF = datum_params[4];
      var Rz_BF = datum_params[5];
      var M_BF = datum_params[6];
      var x_tmp = (p.x - Dx_BF) / M_BF;
      var y_tmp = (p.y - Dy_BF) / M_BF;
      var z_tmp = (p.z - Dz_BF) / M_BF;
      //if( x[io] === HUGE_VAL )
      //    continue;
  
      return {
        x: x_tmp + Rz_BF * y_tmp - Ry_BF * z_tmp,
        y: -Rz_BF * x_tmp + y_tmp + Rx_BF * z_tmp,
        z: Ry_BF * x_tmp - Rx_BF * y_tmp + z_tmp
      };
    } //cs_geocentric_from_wgs84()
  }
  
  function checkParams(type) {
    return (type === PJD_3PARAM || type === PJD_7PARAM);
  }
  
  var datum_transform = function(source, dest, point) {
    // Short cut if the datums are identical.
    if (compareDatums(source, dest)) {
      return point; // in this case, zero is sucess,
      // whereas cs_compare_datums returns 1 to indicate TRUE
      // confusing, should fix this
    }
  
    // Explicitly skip datum transform by setting 'datum=none' as parameter for either source or dest
    if (source.datum_type === PJD_NODATUM || dest.datum_type === PJD_NODATUM) {
      return point;
    }
  
    // If this datum requires grid shifts, then apply it to geodetic coordinates.
    var source_a = source.a;
    var source_es = source.es;
    if (source.datum_type === PJD_GRIDSHIFT) {
      var gridShiftCode = applyGridShift(source, false, point);
      if (gridShiftCode !== 0) {
        return undefined;
      }
      source_a = SRS_WGS84_SEMIMAJOR;
      source_es = SRS_WGS84_ESQUARED;
    }
  
    var dest_a = dest.a;
    var dest_b = dest.b;
    var dest_es = dest.es;
    if (dest.datum_type === PJD_GRIDSHIFT) {
      dest_a = SRS_WGS84_SEMIMAJOR;
      dest_b = SRS_WGS84_SEMIMINOR;
      dest_es = SRS_WGS84_ESQUARED;
    }
  
    // Do we need to go through geocentric coordinates?
    if (source_es === dest_es && source_a === dest_a && !checkParams(source.datum_type) &&  !checkParams(dest.datum_type)) {
      return point;
    }
  
    // Convert to geocentric coordinates.
    point = geodeticToGeocentric(point, source_es, source_a);
    // Convert between datums
    if (checkParams(source.datum_type)) {
      point = geocentricToWgs84(point, source.datum_type, source.datum_params);
    }
    if (checkParams(dest.datum_type)) {
      point = geocentricFromWgs84(point, dest.datum_type, dest.datum_params);
    }
    point = geocentricToGeodetic(point, dest_es, dest_a, dest_b);
  
    if (dest.datum_type === PJD_GRIDSHIFT) {
      var destGridShiftResult = applyGridShift(dest, true, point);
      if (destGridShiftResult !== 0) {
        return undefined;
      }
    }
  
    return point;
  };
  
  function applyGridShift(source, inverse, point) {
    if (source.grids === null || source.grids.length === 0) {
      console.log('Grid shift grids not found');
      return -1;
    }
    var input = {x: -point.x, y: point.y};
    var output = {x: Number.NaN, y: Number.NaN};
    var attemptedGrids = [];
    for (var i = 0; i < source.grids.length; i++) {
      var grid = source.grids[i];
      attemptedGrids.push(grid.name);
      if (grid.isNull) {
        output = input;
        break;
      }
      if (grid.grid === null) {
        if (grid.mandatory) {
          console.log("Unable to find mandatory grid '" + grid.name + "'");
          return -1;
        }
        continue;
      }
      var subgrid = grid.grid.subgrids[0];
      // skip tables that don't match our point at all
      var epsilon = (Math.abs(subgrid.del[1]) + Math.abs(subgrid.del[0])) / 10000.0;
      var minX = subgrid.ll[0] - epsilon;
      var minY = subgrid.ll[1] - epsilon;
      var maxX = subgrid.ll[0] + (subgrid.lim[0] - 1) * subgrid.del[0] + epsilon;
      var maxY = subgrid.ll[1] + (subgrid.lim[1] - 1) * subgrid.del[1] + epsilon;
      if (minY > input.y || minX > input.x || maxY < input.y || maxX < input.x ) {
        continue;
      }
      output = applySubgridShift(input, inverse, subgrid);
      if (!isNaN(output.x)) {
        break;
      }
    }
    if (isNaN(output.x)) {
      console.log("Failed to find a grid shift table for location '"+
        -input.x * R2D + " " + input.y * R2D + " tried: '" + attemptedGrids + "'");
      return -1;
    }
    point.x = -output.x;
    point.y = output.y;
    return 0;
  }
  
  function applySubgridShift(pin, inverse, ct) {
    var val = {x: Number.NaN, y: Number.NaN};
    if (isNaN(pin.x)) { return val; }
    var tb = {x: pin.x, y: pin.y};
    tb.x -= ct.ll[0];
    tb.y -= ct.ll[1];
    tb.x = adjust_lon(tb.x - Math.PI) + Math.PI;
    var t = nadInterpolate(tb, ct);
    if (inverse) {
      if (isNaN(t.x)) {
        return val;
      }
      t.x = tb.x - t.x;
      t.y = tb.y - t.y;
      var i = 9, tol = 1e-12;
      var dif, del;
      do {
        del = nadInterpolate(t, ct);
        if (isNaN(del.x)) {
          console.log("Inverse grid shift iteration failed, presumably at grid edge.  Using first approximation.");
          break;
        }
        dif = {x: tb.x - (del.x + t.x), y: tb.y - (del.y + t.y)};
        t.x += dif.x;
        t.y += dif.y;
      } while (i-- && Math.abs(dif.x) > tol && Math.abs(dif.y) > tol);
      if (i < 0) {
        console.log("Inverse grid shift iterator failed to converge.");
        return val;
      }
      val.x = adjust_lon(t.x + ct.ll[0]);
      val.y = t.y + ct.ll[1];
    } else {
      if (!isNaN(t.x)) {
        val.x = pin.x + t.x;
        val.y = pin.y + t.y;
      }
    }
    return val;
  }
  
  function nadInterpolate(pin, ct) {
    var t = {x: pin.x / ct.del[0], y: pin.y / ct.del[1]};
    var indx = {x: Math.floor(t.x), y: Math.floor(t.y)};
    var frct = {x: t.x - 1.0 * indx.x, y: t.y - 1.0 * indx.y};
    var val= {x: Number.NaN, y: Number.NaN};
    var inx;
    if (indx.x < 0 || indx.x >= ct.lim[0]) {
      return val;
    }
    if (indx.y < 0 || indx.y >= ct.lim[1]) {
      return val;
    }
    inx = (indx.y * ct.lim[0]) + indx.x;
    var f00 = {x: ct.cvs[inx][0], y: ct.cvs[inx][1]};
    inx++;
    var f10= {x: ct.cvs[inx][0], y: ct.cvs[inx][1]};
    inx += ct.lim[0];
    var f11 = {x: ct.cvs[inx][0], y: ct.cvs[inx][1]};
    inx--;
    var f01 = {x: ct.cvs[inx][0], y: ct.cvs[inx][1]};
    var m11 = frct.x * frct.y, m10 = frct.x * (1.0 - frct.y),
      m00 = (1.0 - frct.x) * (1.0 - frct.y), m01 = (1.0 - frct.x) * frct.y;
    val.x = (m00 * f00.x + m10 * f10.x + m01 * f01.x + m11 * f11.x);
    val.y = (m00 * f00.y + m10 * f10.y + m01 * f01.y + m11 * f11.y);
    return val;
  }
  
  var adjust_axis = function(crs, denorm, point) {
    var xin = point.x,
      yin = point.y,
      zin = point.z || 0.0;
    var v, t, i;
    var out = {};
    for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
      if (denorm && i === 2 && point.z === undefined) {
        continue;
      }
      if (i === 0) {
        v = xin;
        if ("ew".indexOf(crs.axis[i]) !== -1) {
          t = 'x';
        } else {
          t = 'y';
        }
  
      }
      else if (i === 1) {
        v = yin;
        if ("ns".indexOf(crs.axis[i]) !== -1) {
          t = 'y';
        } else {
          t = 'x';
        }
      }
      else {
        v = zin;
        t = 'z';
      }
      switch (crs.axis[i]) {
      case 'e':
        out[t] = v;
        break;
      case 'w':
        out[t] = -v;
        break;
      case 'n':
        out[t] = v;
        break;
      case 's':
        out[t] = -v;
        break;
      case 'u':
        if (point[t] !== undefined) {
          out.z = v;
        }
        break;
      case 'd':
        if (point[t] !== undefined) {
          out.z = -v;
        }
        break;
      default:
        //console.log("ERROR: unknow axis ("+crs.axis[i]+") - check definition of "+crs.projName);
        return null;
      }
    }
    return out;
  };
  
  var toPoint = function (array){
    var out = {
      x: array[0],
      y: array[1]
    };
    if (array.length>2) {
      out.z = array[2];
    }
    if (array.length>3) {
      out.m = array[3];
    }
    return out;
  };
  
  var checkSanity = function (point) {
    checkCoord(point.x);
    checkCoord(point.y);
  };
  function checkCoord(num) {
    if (typeof Number.isFinite === 'function') {
      if (Number.isFinite(num)) {
        return;
      }
      throw new TypeError('coordinates must be finite numbers');
    }
    if (typeof num !== 'number' || num !== num || !isFinite(num)) {
      throw new TypeError('coordinates must be finite numbers');
    }
  }
  
  function checkNotWGS(source, dest) {
    return ((source.datum.datum_type === PJD_3PARAM || source.datum.datum_type === PJD_7PARAM) && dest.datumCode !== 'WGS84') || ((dest.datum.datum_type === PJD_3PARAM || dest.datum.datum_type === PJD_7PARAM) && source.datumCode !== 'WGS84');
  }
  
  function transform(source, dest, point, enforceAxis) {
    var wgs84;
    if (Array.isArray(point)) {
      point = toPoint(point);
    }
    checkSanity(point);
    // Workaround for datum shifts towgs84, if either source or destination projection is not wgs84
    if (source.datum && dest.datum && checkNotWGS(source, dest)) {
      wgs84 = new Projection('WGS84');
      point = transform(source, wgs84, point, enforceAxis);
      source = wgs84;
    }
    // DGR, 2010/11/12
    if (enforceAxis && source.axis !== 'enu') {
      point = adjust_axis(source, false, point);
    }
    // Transform source points to long/lat, if they aren't already.
    if (source.projName === 'longlat') {
      point = {
        x: point.x * D2R,
        y: point.y * D2R,
        z: point.z || 0
      };
    } else {
      if (source.to_meter) {
        point = {
          x: point.x * source.to_meter,
          y: point.y * source.to_meter,
          z: point.z || 0
        };
      }
      point = source.inverse(point); // Convert Cartesian to longlat
      if (!point) {
        return;
      }
    }
    // Adjust for the prime meridian if necessary
    if (source.from_greenwich) {
      point.x += source.from_greenwich;
    }
  
    // Convert datums if needed, and if possible.
    point = datum_transform(source.datum, dest.datum, point);
    if (!point) {
      return;
    }
  
    // Adjust for the prime meridian if necessary
    if (dest.from_greenwich) {
      point = {
        x: point.x - dest.from_greenwich,
        y: point.y,
        z: point.z || 0
      };
    }
  
    if (dest.projName === 'longlat') {
      // convert radians to decimal degrees
      point = {
        x: point.x * R2D,
        y: point.y * R2D,
        z: point.z || 0
      };
    } else { // else project
      point = dest.forward(point);
      if (dest.to_meter) {
        point = {
          x: point.x / dest.to_meter,
          y: point.y / dest.to_meter,
          z: point.z || 0
        };
      }
    }
  
    // DGR, 2010/11/12
    if (enforceAxis && dest.axis !== 'enu') {
      return adjust_axis(dest, true, point);
    }
  
    return point;
  }
  
  var wgs84 = Projection('WGS84');
  
  function transformer(from, to, coords, enforceAxis) {
    var transformedArray, out, keys;
    if (Array.isArray(coords)) {
      transformedArray = transform(from, to, coords, enforceAxis) || {x: NaN, y: NaN};
      if (coords.length > 2) {
        if ((typeof from.name !== 'undefined' && from.name === 'geocent') || (typeof to.name !== 'undefined' && to.name === 'geocent')) {
          if (typeof transformedArray.z === 'number') {
            return [transformedArray.x, transformedArray.y, transformedArray.z].concat(coords.splice(3));
          } else {
            return [transformedArray.x, transformedArray.y, coords[2]].concat(coords.splice(3));
          }
        } else {
          return [transformedArray.x, transformedArray.y].concat(coords.splice(2));
        }
      } else {
        return [transformedArray.x, transformedArray.y];
      }
    } else {
      out = transform(from, to, coords, enforceAxis);
      keys = Object.keys(coords);
      if (keys.length === 2) {
        return out;
      }
      keys.forEach(function (key) {
        if ((typeof from.name !== 'undefined' && from.name === 'geocent') || (typeof to.name !== 'undefined' && to.name === 'geocent')) {
          if (key === 'x' || key === 'y' || key === 'z') {
            return;
          }
        } else {
          if (key === 'x' || key === 'y') {
            return;
          }
        }
        out[key] = coords[key];
      });
      return out;
    }
  }
  
  function checkProj(item) {
    if (item instanceof Projection) {
      return item;
    }
    if (item.oProj) {
      return item.oProj;
    }
    return Projection(item);
  }
  
  function proj4(fromProj, toProj, coord) {
    fromProj = checkProj(fromProj);
    var single = false;
    var obj;
    if (typeof toProj === 'undefined') {
      toProj = fromProj;
      fromProj = wgs84;
      single = true;
    } else if (typeof toProj.x !== 'undefined' || Array.isArray(toProj)) {
      coord = toProj;
      toProj = fromProj;
      fromProj = wgs84;
      single = true;
    }
    toProj = checkProj(toProj);
    if (coord) {
      return transformer(fromProj, toProj, coord);
    } else {
      obj = {
        forward: function (coords, enforceAxis) {
          return transformer(fromProj, toProj, coords, enforceAxis);
        },
        inverse: function (coords, enforceAxis) {
          return transformer(toProj, fromProj, coords, enforceAxis);
        }
      };
      if (single) {
        obj.oProj = toProj;
      }
      return obj;
    }
  }
  
  /**
   * UTM zones are grouped, and assigned to one of a group of 6
   * sets.
   *
   * {int} @private
   */
  var NUM_100K_SETS = 6;
  
  /**
   * The column letters (for easting) of the lower left value, per
   * set.
   *
   * {string} @private
   */
  var SET_ORIGIN_COLUMN_LETTERS = 'AJSAJS';
  
  /**
   * The row letters (for northing) of the lower left value, per
   * set.
   *
   * {string} @private
   */
  var SET_ORIGIN_ROW_LETTERS = 'AFAFAF';
  
  var A = 65; // A
  var I = 73; // I
  var O = 79; // O
  var V = 86; // V
  var Z = 90; // Z
  var mgrs = {
    forward: forward$1,
    inverse: inverse$1,
    toPoint: toPoint$1
  };
  /**
   * Conversion of lat/lon to MGRS.
   *
   * @param {object} ll Object literal with lat and lon properties on a
   *     WGS84 ellipsoid.
   * @param {int} accuracy Accuracy in digits (5 for 1 m, 4 for 10 m, 3 for
   *      100 m, 2 for 1000 m or 1 for 10000 m). Optional, default is 5.
   * @return {string} the MGRS string for the given location and accuracy.
   */
  function forward$1(ll, accuracy) {
    accuracy = accuracy || 5; // default accuracy 1m
    return encode(LLtoUTM({
      lat: ll[1],
      lon: ll[0]
    }), accuracy);
  }
  
  /**
   * Conversion of MGRS to lat/lon.
   *
   * @param {string} mgrs MGRS string.
   * @return {array} An array with left (longitude), bottom (latitude), right
   *     (longitude) and top (latitude) values in WGS84, representing the
   *     bounding box for the provided MGRS reference.
   */
  function inverse$1(mgrs) {
    var bbox = UTMtoLL(decode(mgrs.toUpperCase()));
    if (bbox.lat && bbox.lon) {
      return [bbox.lon, bbox.lat, bbox.lon, bbox.lat];
    }
    return [bbox.left, bbox.bottom, bbox.right, bbox.top];
  }
  
  function toPoint$1(mgrs) {
    var bbox = UTMtoLL(decode(mgrs.toUpperCase()));
    if (bbox.lat && bbox.lon) {
      return [bbox.lon, bbox.lat];
    }
    return [(bbox.left + bbox.right) / 2, (bbox.top + bbox.bottom) / 2];
  }
  /**
   * Conversion from degrees to radians.
   *
   * @private
   * @param {number} deg the angle in degrees.
   * @return {number} the angle in radians.
   */
  function degToRad(deg) {
    return (deg * (Math.PI / 180.0));
  }
  
  /**
   * Conversion from radians to degrees.
   *
   * @private
   * @param {number} rad the angle in radians.
   * @return {number} the angle in degrees.
   */
  function radToDeg(rad) {
    return (180.0 * (rad / Math.PI));
  }
  
  /**
   * Converts a set of Longitude and Latitude co-ordinates to UTM
   * using the WGS84 ellipsoid.
   *
   * @private
   * @param {object} ll Object literal with lat and lon properties
   *     representing the WGS84 coordinate to be converted.
   * @return {object} Object literal containing the UTM value with easting,
   *     northing, zoneNumber and zoneLetter properties, and an optional
   *     accuracy property in digits. Returns null if the conversion failed.
   */
  function LLtoUTM(ll) {
    var Lat = ll.lat;
    var Long = ll.lon;
    var a = 6378137.0; //ellip.radius;
    var eccSquared = 0.00669438; //ellip.eccsq;
    var k0 = 0.9996;
    var LongOrigin;
    var eccPrimeSquared;
    var N, T, C, A, M;
    var LatRad = degToRad(Lat);
    var LongRad = degToRad(Long);
    var LongOriginRad;
    var ZoneNumber;
    // (int)
    ZoneNumber = Math.floor((Long + 180) / 6) + 1;
  
    //Make sure the longitude 180.00 is in Zone 60
    if (Long === 180) {
      ZoneNumber = 60;
    }
  
    // Special zone for Norway
    if (Lat >= 56.0 && Lat < 64.0 && Long >= 3.0 && Long < 12.0) {
      ZoneNumber = 32;
    }
  
    // Special zones for Svalbard
    if (Lat >= 72.0 && Lat < 84.0) {
      if (Long >= 0.0 && Long < 9.0) {
        ZoneNumber = 31;
      }
      else if (Long >= 9.0 && Long < 21.0) {
        ZoneNumber = 33;
      }
      else if (Long >= 21.0 && Long < 33.0) {
        ZoneNumber = 35;
      }
      else if (Long >= 33.0 && Long < 42.0) {
        ZoneNumber = 37;
      }
    }
  
    LongOrigin = (ZoneNumber - 1) * 6 - 180 + 3; //+3 puts origin
    // in middle of
    // zone
    LongOriginRad = degToRad(LongOrigin);
  
    eccPrimeSquared = (eccSquared) / (1 - eccSquared);
  
    N = a / Math.sqrt(1 - eccSquared * Math.sin(LatRad) * Math.sin(LatRad));
    T = Math.tan(LatRad) * Math.tan(LatRad);
    C = eccPrimeSquared * Math.cos(LatRad) * Math.cos(LatRad);
    A = Math.cos(LatRad) * (LongRad - LongOriginRad);
  
    M = a * ((1 - eccSquared / 4 - 3 * eccSquared * eccSquared / 64 - 5 * eccSquared * eccSquared * eccSquared / 256) * LatRad - (3 * eccSquared / 8 + 3 * eccSquared * eccSquared / 32 + 45 * eccSquared * eccSquared * eccSquared / 1024) * Math.sin(2 * LatRad) + (15 * eccSquared * eccSquared / 256 + 45 * eccSquared * eccSquared * eccSquared / 1024) * Math.sin(4 * LatRad) - (35 * eccSquared * eccSquared * eccSquared / 3072) * Math.sin(6 * LatRad));
  
    var UTMEasting = (k0 * N * (A + (1 - T + C) * A * A * A / 6.0 + (5 - 18 * T + T * T + 72 * C - 58 * eccPrimeSquared) * A * A * A * A * A / 120.0) + 500000.0);
  
    var UTMNorthing = (k0 * (M + N * Math.tan(LatRad) * (A * A / 2 + (5 - T + 9 * C + 4 * C * C) * A * A * A * A / 24.0 + (61 - 58 * T + T * T + 600 * C - 330 * eccPrimeSquared) * A * A * A * A * A * A / 720.0)));
    if (Lat < 0.0) {
      UTMNorthing += 10000000.0; //10000000 meter offset for
      // southern hemisphere
    }
  
    return {
      northing: Math.round(UTMNorthing),
      easting: Math.round(UTMEasting),
      zoneNumber: ZoneNumber,
      zoneLetter: getLetterDesignator(Lat)
    };
  }
  
  /**
   * Converts UTM coords to lat/long, using the WGS84 ellipsoid. This is a convenience
   * class where the Zone can be specified as a single string eg."60N" which
   * is then broken down into the ZoneNumber and ZoneLetter.
   *
   * @private
   * @param {object} utm An object literal with northing, easting, zoneNumber
   *     and zoneLetter properties. If an optional accuracy property is
   *     provided (in meters), a bounding box will be returned instead of
   *     latitude and longitude.
   * @return {object} An object literal containing either lat and lon values
   *     (if no accuracy was provided), or top, right, bottom and left values
   *     for the bounding box calculated according to the provided accuracy.
   *     Returns null if the conversion failed.
   */
  function UTMtoLL(utm) {
  
    var UTMNorthing = utm.northing;
    var UTMEasting = utm.easting;
    var zoneLetter = utm.zoneLetter;
    var zoneNumber = utm.zoneNumber;
    // check the ZoneNummber is valid
    if (zoneNumber < 0 || zoneNumber > 60) {
      return null;
    }
  
    var k0 = 0.9996;
    var a = 6378137.0; //ellip.radius;
    var eccSquared = 0.00669438; //ellip.eccsq;
    var eccPrimeSquared;
    var e1 = (1 - Math.sqrt(1 - eccSquared)) / (1 + Math.sqrt(1 - eccSquared));
    var N1, T1, C1, R1, D, M;
    var LongOrigin;
    var mu, phi1Rad;
  
    // remove 500,000 meter offset for longitude
    var x = UTMEasting - 500000.0;
    var y = UTMNorthing;
  
    // We must know somehow if we are in the Northern or Southern
    // hemisphere, this is the only time we use the letter So even
    // if the Zone letter isn't exactly correct it should indicate
    // the hemisphere correctly
    if (zoneLetter < 'N') {
      y -= 10000000.0; // remove 10,000,000 meter offset used
      // for southern hemisphere
    }
  
    // There are 60 zones with zone 1 being at West -180 to -174
    LongOrigin = (zoneNumber - 1) * 6 - 180 + 3; // +3 puts origin
    // in middle of
    // zone
  
    eccPrimeSquared = (eccSquared) / (1 - eccSquared);
  
    M = y / k0;
    mu = M / (a * (1 - eccSquared / 4 - 3 * eccSquared * eccSquared / 64 - 5 * eccSquared * eccSquared * eccSquared / 256));
  
    phi1Rad = mu + (3 * e1 / 2 - 27 * e1 * e1 * e1 / 32) * Math.sin(2 * mu) + (21 * e1 * e1 / 16 - 55 * e1 * e1 * e1 * e1 / 32) * Math.sin(4 * mu) + (151 * e1 * e1 * e1 / 96) * Math.sin(6 * mu);
    // double phi1 = ProjMath.radToDeg(phi1Rad);
  
    N1 = a / Math.sqrt(1 - eccSquared * Math.sin(phi1Rad) * Math.sin(phi1Rad));
    T1 = Math.tan(phi1Rad) * Math.tan(phi1Rad);
    C1 = eccPrimeSquared * Math.cos(phi1Rad) * Math.cos(phi1Rad);
    R1 = a * (1 - eccSquared) / Math.pow(1 - eccSquared * Math.sin(phi1Rad) * Math.sin(phi1Rad), 1.5);
    D = x / (N1 * k0);
  
    var lat = phi1Rad - (N1 * Math.tan(phi1Rad) / R1) * (D * D / 2 - (5 + 3 * T1 + 10 * C1 - 4 * C1 * C1 - 9 * eccPrimeSquared) * D * D * D * D / 24 + (61 + 90 * T1 + 298 * C1 + 45 * T1 * T1 - 252 * eccPrimeSquared - 3 * C1 * C1) * D * D * D * D * D * D / 720);
    lat = radToDeg(lat);
  
    var lon = (D - (1 + 2 * T1 + C1) * D * D * D / 6 + (5 - 2 * C1 + 28 * T1 - 3 * C1 * C1 + 8 * eccPrimeSquared + 24 * T1 * T1) * D * D * D * D * D / 120) / Math.cos(phi1Rad);
    lon = LongOrigin + radToDeg(lon);
  
    var result;
    if (utm.accuracy) {
      var topRight = UTMtoLL({
        northing: utm.northing + utm.accuracy,
        easting: utm.easting + utm.accuracy,
        zoneLetter: utm.zoneLetter,
        zoneNumber: utm.zoneNumber
      });
      result = {
        top: topRight.lat,
        right: topRight.lon,
        bottom: lat,
        left: lon
      };
    }
    else {
      result = {
        lat: lat,
        lon: lon
      };
    }
    return result;
  }
  
  /**
   * Calculates the MGRS letter designator for the given latitude.
   *
   * @private
   * @param {number} lat The latitude in WGS84 to get the letter designator
   *     for.
   * @return {char} The letter designator.
   */
  function getLetterDesignator(lat) {
    //This is here as an error flag to show that the Latitude is
    //outside MGRS limits
    var LetterDesignator = 'Z';
  
    if ((84 >= lat) && (lat >= 72)) {
      LetterDesignator = 'X';
    }
    else if ((72 > lat) && (lat >= 64)) {
      LetterDesignator = 'W';
    }
    else if ((64 > lat) && (lat >= 56)) {
      LetterDesignator = 'V';
    }
    else if ((56 > lat) && (lat >= 48)) {
      LetterDesignator = 'U';
    }
    else if ((48 > lat) && (lat >= 40)) {
      LetterDesignator = 'T';
    }
    else if ((40 > lat) && (lat >= 32)) {
      LetterDesignator = 'S';
    }
    else if ((32 > lat) && (lat >= 24)) {
      LetterDesignator = 'R';
    }
    else if ((24 > lat) && (lat >= 16)) {
      LetterDesignator = 'Q';
    }
    else if ((16 > lat) && (lat >= 8)) {
      LetterDesignator = 'P';
    }
    else if ((8 > lat) && (lat >= 0)) {
      LetterDesignator = 'N';
    }
    else if ((0 > lat) && (lat >= -8)) {
      LetterDesignator = 'M';
    }
    else if ((-8 > lat) && (lat >= -16)) {
      LetterDesignator = 'L';
    }
    else if ((-16 > lat) && (lat >= -24)) {
      LetterDesignator = 'K';
    }
    else if ((-24 > lat) && (lat >= -32)) {
      LetterDesignator = 'J';
    }
    else if ((-32 > lat) && (lat >= -40)) {
      LetterDesignator = 'H';
    }
    else if ((-40 > lat) && (lat >= -48)) {
      LetterDesignator = 'G';
    }
    else if ((-48 > lat) && (lat >= -56)) {
      LetterDesignator = 'F';
    }
    else if ((-56 > lat) && (lat >= -64)) {
      LetterDesignator = 'E';
    }
    else if ((-64 > lat) && (lat >= -72)) {
      LetterDesignator = 'D';
    }
    else if ((-72 > lat) && (lat >= -80)) {
      LetterDesignator = 'C';
    }
    return LetterDesignator;
  }
  
  /**
   * Encodes a UTM location as MGRS string.
   *
   * @private
   * @param {object} utm An object literal with easting, northing,
   *     zoneLetter, zoneNumber
   * @param {number} accuracy Accuracy in digits (1-5).
   * @return {string} MGRS string for the given UTM location.
   */
  function encode(utm, accuracy) {
    // prepend with leading zeroes
    var seasting = "00000" + utm.easting,
      snorthing = "00000" + utm.northing;
  
    return utm.zoneNumber + utm.zoneLetter + get100kID(utm.easting, utm.northing, utm.zoneNumber) + seasting.substr(seasting.length - 5, accuracy) + snorthing.substr(snorthing.length - 5, accuracy);
  }
  
  /**
   * Get the two letter 100k designator for a given UTM easting,
   * northing and zone number value.
   *
   * @private
   * @param {number} easting
   * @param {number} northing
   * @param {number} zoneNumber
   * @return the two letter 100k designator for the given UTM location.
   */
  function get100kID(easting, northing, zoneNumber) {
    var setParm = get100kSetForZone(zoneNumber);
    var setColumn = Math.floor(easting / 100000);
    var setRow = Math.floor(northing / 100000) % 20;
    return getLetter100kID(setColumn, setRow, setParm);
  }
  
  /**
   * Given a UTM zone number, figure out the MGRS 100K set it is in.
   *
   * @private
   * @param {number} i An UTM zone number.
   * @return {number} the 100k set the UTM zone is in.
   */
  function get100kSetForZone(i) {
    var setParm = i % NUM_100K_SETS;
    if (setParm === 0) {
      setParm = NUM_100K_SETS;
    }
  
    return setParm;
  }
  
  /**
   * Get the two-letter MGRS 100k designator given information
   * translated from the UTM northing, easting and zone number.
   *
   * @private
   * @param {number} column the column index as it relates to the MGRS
   *        100k set spreadsheet, created from the UTM easting.
   *        Values are 1-8.
   * @param {number} row the row index as it relates to the MGRS 100k set
   *        spreadsheet, created from the UTM northing value. Values
   *        are from 0-19.
   * @param {number} parm the set block, as it relates to the MGRS 100k set
   *        spreadsheet, created from the UTM zone. Values are from
   *        1-60.
   * @return two letter MGRS 100k code.
   */
  function getLetter100kID(column, row, parm) {
    // colOrigin and rowOrigin are the letters at the origin of the set
    var index = parm - 1;
    var colOrigin = SET_ORIGIN_COLUMN_LETTERS.charCodeAt(index);
    var rowOrigin = SET_ORIGIN_ROW_LETTERS.charCodeAt(index);
  
    // colInt and rowInt are the letters to build to return
    var colInt = colOrigin + column - 1;
    var rowInt = rowOrigin + row;
    var rollover = false;
  
    if (colInt > Z) {
      colInt = colInt - Z + A - 1;
      rollover = true;
    }
  
    if (colInt === I || (colOrigin < I && colInt > I) || ((colInt > I || colOrigin < I) && rollover)) {
      colInt++;
    }
  
    if (colInt === O || (colOrigin < O && colInt > O) || ((colInt > O || colOrigin < O) && rollover)) {
      colInt++;
  
      if (colInt === I) {
        colInt++;
      }
    }
  
    if (colInt > Z) {
      colInt = colInt - Z + A - 1;
    }
  
    if (rowInt > V) {
      rowInt = rowInt - V + A - 1;
      rollover = true;
    }
    else {
      rollover = false;
    }
  
    if (((rowInt === I) || ((rowOrigin < I) && (rowInt > I))) || (((rowInt > I) || (rowOrigin < I)) && rollover)) {
      rowInt++;
    }
  
    if (((rowInt === O) || ((rowOrigin < O) && (rowInt > O))) || (((rowInt > O) || (rowOrigin < O)) && rollover)) {
      rowInt++;
  
      if (rowInt === I) {
        rowInt++;
      }
    }
  
    if (rowInt > V) {
      rowInt = rowInt - V + A - 1;
    }
  
    var twoLetter = String.fromCharCode(colInt) + String.fromCharCode(rowInt);
    return twoLetter;
  }
  
  /**
   * Decode the UTM parameters from a MGRS string.
   *
   * @private
   * @param {string} mgrsString an UPPERCASE coordinate string is expected.
   * @return {object} An object literal with easting, northing, zoneLetter,
   *     zoneNumber and accuracy (in meters) properties.
   */
  function decode(mgrsString) {
  
    if (mgrsString && mgrsString.length === 0) {
      throw ("MGRSPoint coverting from nothing");
    }
  
    var length = mgrsString.length;
  
    var hunK = null;
    var sb = "";
    var testChar;
    var i = 0;
  
    // get Zone number
    while (!(/[A-Z]/).test(testChar = mgrsString.charAt(i))) {
      if (i >= 2) {
        throw ("MGRSPoint bad conversion from: " + mgrsString);
      }
      sb += testChar;
      i++;
    }
  
    var zoneNumber = parseInt(sb, 10);
  
    if (i === 0 || i + 3 > length) {
      // A good MGRS string has to be 4-5 digits long,
      // ##AAA/#AAA at least.
      throw ("MGRSPoint bad conversion from: " + mgrsString);
    }
  
    var zoneLetter = mgrsString.charAt(i++);
  
    // Should we check the zone letter here? Why not.
    if (zoneLetter <= 'A' || zoneLetter === 'B' || zoneLetter === 'Y' || zoneLetter >= 'Z' || zoneLetter === 'I' || zoneLetter === 'O') {
      throw ("MGRSPoint zone letter " + zoneLetter + " not handled: " + mgrsString);
    }
  
    hunK = mgrsString.substring(i, i += 2);
  
    var set = get100kSetForZone(zoneNumber);
  
    var east100k = getEastingFromChar(hunK.charAt(0), set);
    var north100k = getNorthingFromChar(hunK.charAt(1), set);
  
    // We have a bug where the northing may be 2000000 too low.
    // How
    // do we know when to roll over?
  
    while (north100k < getMinNorthing(zoneLetter)) {
      north100k += 2000000;
    }
  
    // calculate the char index for easting/northing separator
    var remainder = length - i;
  
    if (remainder % 2 !== 0) {
      throw ("MGRSPoint has to have an even number \nof digits after the zone letter and two 100km letters - front \nhalf for easting meters, second half for \nnorthing meters" + mgrsString);
    }
  
    var sep = remainder / 2;
  
    var sepEasting = 0.0;
    var sepNorthing = 0.0;
    var accuracyBonus, sepEastingString, sepNorthingString, easting, northing;
    if (sep > 0) {
      accuracyBonus = 100000.0 / Math.pow(10, sep);
      sepEastingString = mgrsString.substring(i, i + sep);
      sepEasting = parseFloat(sepEastingString) * accuracyBonus;
      sepNorthingString = mgrsString.substring(i + sep);
      sepNorthing = parseFloat(sepNorthingString) * accuracyBonus;
    }
  
    easting = sepEasting + east100k;
    northing = sepNorthing + north100k;
  
    return {
      easting: easting,
      northing: northing,
      zoneLetter: zoneLetter,
      zoneNumber: zoneNumber,
      accuracy: accuracyBonus
    };
  }
  
  /**
   * Given the first letter from a two-letter MGRS 100k zone, and given the
   * MGRS table set for the zone number, figure out the easting value that
   * should be added to the other, secondary easting value.
   *
   * @private
   * @param {char} e The first letter from a two-letter MGRS 100´k zone.
   * @param {number} set The MGRS table set for the zone number.
   * @return {number} The easting value for the given letter and set.
   */
  function getEastingFromChar(e, set) {
    // colOrigin is the letter at the origin of the set for the
    // column
    var curCol = SET_ORIGIN_COLUMN_LETTERS.charCodeAt(set - 1);
    var eastingValue = 100000.0;
    var rewindMarker = false;
  
    while (curCol !== e.charCodeAt(0)) {
      curCol++;
      if (curCol === I) {
        curCol++;
      }
      if (curCol === O) {
        curCol++;
      }
      if (curCol > Z) {
        if (rewindMarker) {
          throw ("Bad character: " + e);
        }
        curCol = A;
        rewindMarker = true;
      }
      eastingValue += 100000.0;
    }
  
    return eastingValue;
  }
  
  /**
   * Given the second letter from a two-letter MGRS 100k zone, and given the
   * MGRS table set for the zone number, figure out the northing value that
   * should be added to the other, secondary northing value. You have to
   * remember that Northings are determined from the equator, and the vertical
   * cycle of letters mean a 2000000 additional northing meters. This happens
   * approx. every 18 degrees of latitude. This method does *NOT* count any
   * additional northings. You have to figure out how many 2000000 meters need
   * to be added for the zone letter of the MGRS coordinate.
   *
   * @private
   * @param {char} n Second letter of the MGRS 100k zone
   * @param {number} set The MGRS table set number, which is dependent on the
   *     UTM zone number.
   * @return {number} The northing value for the given letter and set.
   */
  function getNorthingFromChar(n, set) {
  
    if (n > 'V') {
      throw ("MGRSPoint given invalid Northing " + n);
    }
  
    // rowOrigin is the letter at the origin of the set for the
    // column
    var curRow = SET_ORIGIN_ROW_LETTERS.charCodeAt(set - 1);
    var northingValue = 0.0;
    var rewindMarker = false;
  
    while (curRow !== n.charCodeAt(0)) {
      curRow++;
      if (curRow === I) {
        curRow++;
      }
      if (curRow === O) {
        curRow++;
      }
      // fixing a bug making whole application hang in this loop
      // when 'n' is a wrong character
      if (curRow > V) {
        if (rewindMarker) { // making sure that this loop ends
          throw ("Bad character: " + n);
        }
        curRow = A;
        rewindMarker = true;
      }
      northingValue += 100000.0;
    }
  
    return northingValue;
  }
  
  /**
   * The function getMinNorthing returns the minimum northing value of a MGRS
   * zone.
   *
   * Ported from Geotrans' c Lattitude_Band_Value structure table.
   *
   * @private
   * @param {char} zoneLetter The MGRS zone to get the min northing for.
   * @return {number}
   */
  function getMinNorthing(zoneLetter) {
    var northing;
    switch (zoneLetter) {
    case 'C':
      northing = 1100000.0;
      break;
    case 'D':
      northing = 2000000.0;
      break;
    case 'E':
      northing = 2800000.0;
      break;
    case 'F':
      northing = 3700000.0;
      break;
    case 'G':
      northing = 4600000.0;
      break;
    case 'H':
      northing = 5500000.0;
      break;
    case 'J':
      northing = 6400000.0;
      break;
    case 'K':
      northing = 7300000.0;
      break;
    case 'L':
      northing = 8200000.0;
      break;
    case 'M':
      northing = 9100000.0;
      break;
    case 'N':
      northing = 0.0;
      break;
    case 'P':
      northing = 800000.0;
      break;
    case 'Q':
      northing = 1700000.0;
      break;
    case 'R':
      northing = 2600000.0;
      break;
    case 'S':
      northing = 3500000.0;
      break;
    case 'T':
      northing = 4400000.0;
      break;
    case 'U':
      northing = 5300000.0;
      break;
    case 'V':
      northing = 6200000.0;
      break;
    case 'W':
      northing = 7000000.0;
      break;
    case 'X':
      northing = 7900000.0;
      break;
    default:
      northing = -1.0;
    }
    if (northing >= 0.0) {
      return northing;
    }
    else {
      throw ("Invalid zone letter: " + zoneLetter);
    }
  
  }
  
  function Point(x, y, z) {
    if (!(this instanceof Point)) {
      return new Point(x, y, z);
    }
    if (Array.isArray(x)) {
      this.x = x[0];
      this.y = x[1];
      this.z = x[2] || 0.0;
    } else if(typeof x === 'object') {
      this.x = x.x;
      this.y = x.y;
      this.z = x.z || 0.0;
    } else if (typeof x === 'string' && typeof y === 'undefined') {
      var coords = x.split(',');
      this.x = parseFloat(coords[0], 10);
      this.y = parseFloat(coords[1], 10);
      this.z = parseFloat(coords[2], 10) || 0.0;
    } else {
      this.x = x;
      this.y = y;
      this.z = z || 0.0;
    }
    console.warn('proj4.Point will be removed in version 3, use proj4.toPoint');
  }
  
  Point.fromMGRS = function(mgrsStr) {
    return new Point(toPoint$1(mgrsStr));
  };
  Point.prototype.toMGRS = function(accuracy) {
    return forward$1([this.x, this.y], accuracy);
  };
  
  var C00 = 1;
  var C02 = 0.25;
  var C04 = 0.046875;
  var C06 = 0.01953125;
  var C08 = 0.01068115234375;
  var C22 = 0.75;
  var C44 = 0.46875;
  var C46 = 0.01302083333333333333;
  var C48 = 0.00712076822916666666;
  var C66 = 0.36458333333333333333;
  var C68 = 0.00569661458333333333;
  var C88 = 0.3076171875;
  
  var pj_enfn = function(es) {
    var en = [];
    en[0] = C00 - es * (C02 + es * (C04 + es * (C06 + es * C08)));
    en[1] = es * (C22 - es * (C04 + es * (C06 + es * C08)));
    var t = es * es;
    en[2] = t * (C44 - es * (C46 + es * C48));
    t *= es;
    en[3] = t * (C66 - es * C68);
    en[4] = t * es * C88;
    return en;
  };
  
  var pj_mlfn = function(phi, sphi, cphi, en) {
    cphi *= sphi;
    sphi *= sphi;
    return (en[0] * phi - cphi * (en[1] + sphi * (en[2] + sphi * (en[3] + sphi * en[4]))));
  };
  
  var MAX_ITER = 20;
  
  var pj_inv_mlfn = function(arg, es, en) {
    var k = 1 / (1 - es);
    var phi = arg;
    for (var i = MAX_ITER; i; --i) { /* rarely goes over 2 iterations */
      var s = Math.sin(phi);
      var t = 1 - es * s * s;
      //t = this.pj_mlfn(phi, s, Math.cos(phi), en) - arg;
      //phi -= t * (t * Math.sqrt(t)) * k;
      t = (pj_mlfn(phi, s, Math.cos(phi), en) - arg) * (t * Math.sqrt(t)) * k;
      phi -= t;
      if (Math.abs(t) < EPSLN) {
        return phi;
      }
    }
    //..reportError("cass:pj_inv_mlfn: Convergence error");
    return phi;
  };
  
  // Heavily based on this tmerc projection implementation
  // https://github.com/mbloch/mapshaper-proj/blob/master/src/projections/tmerc.js
  
  function init$2() {
    this.x0 = this.x0 !== undefined ? this.x0 : 0;
    this.y0 = this.y0 !== undefined ? this.y0 : 0;
    this.long0 = this.long0 !== undefined ? this.long0 : 0;
    this.lat0 = this.lat0 !== undefined ? this.lat0 : 0;
  
    if (this.es) {
      this.en = pj_enfn(this.es);
      this.ml0 = pj_mlfn(this.lat0, Math.sin(this.lat0), Math.cos(this.lat0), this.en);
    }
  }
  
  /**
      Transverse Mercator Forward  - long/lat to x/y
      long/lat in radians
    */
  function forward$2(p) {
    var lon = p.x;
    var lat = p.y;
  
    var delta_lon = adjust_lon(lon - this.long0);
    var con;
    var x, y;
    var sin_phi = Math.sin(lat);
    var cos_phi = Math.cos(lat);
  
    if (!this.es) {
      var b = cos_phi * Math.sin(delta_lon);
  
      if ((Math.abs(Math.abs(b) - 1)) < EPSLN) {
        return (93);
      }
      else {
        x = 0.5 * this.a * this.k0 * Math.log((1 + b) / (1 - b)) + this.x0;
        y = cos_phi * Math.cos(delta_lon) / Math.sqrt(1 - Math.pow(b, 2));
        b = Math.abs(y);
  
        if (b >= 1) {
          if ((b - 1) > EPSLN) {
            return (93);
          }
          else {
            y = 0;
          }
        }
        else {
          y = Math.acos(y);
        }
  
        if (lat < 0) {
          y = -y;
        }
  
        y = this.a * this.k0 * (y - this.lat0) + this.y0;
      }
    }
    else {
      var al = cos_phi * delta_lon;
      var als = Math.pow(al, 2);
      var c = this.ep2 * Math.pow(cos_phi, 2);
      var cs = Math.pow(c, 2);
      var tq = Math.abs(cos_phi) > EPSLN ? Math.tan(lat) : 0;
      var t = Math.pow(tq, 2);
      var ts = Math.pow(t, 2);
      con = 1 - this.es * Math.pow(sin_phi, 2);
      al = al / Math.sqrt(con);
      var ml = pj_mlfn(lat, sin_phi, cos_phi, this.en);
  
      x = this.a * (this.k0 * al * (1 +
        als / 6 * (1 - t + c +
        als / 20 * (5 - 18 * t + ts + 14 * c - 58 * t * c +
        als / 42 * (61 + 179 * ts - ts * t - 479 * t))))) +
        this.x0;
  
      y = this.a * (this.k0 * (ml - this.ml0 +
        sin_phi * delta_lon * al / 2 * (1 +
        als / 12 * (5 - t + 9 * c + 4 * cs +
        als / 30 * (61 + ts - 58 * t + 270 * c - 330 * t * c +
        als / 56 * (1385 + 543 * ts - ts * t - 3111 * t)))))) +
        this.y0;
    }
  
    p.x = x;
    p.y = y;
  
    return p;
  }
  
  /**
      Transverse Mercator Inverse  -  x/y to long/lat
    */
  function inverse$2(p) {
    var con, phi;
    var lat, lon;
    var x = (p.x - this.x0) * (1 / this.a);
    var y = (p.y - this.y0) * (1 / this.a);
  
    if (!this.es) {
      var f = Math.exp(x / this.k0);
      var g = 0.5 * (f - 1 / f);
      var temp = this.lat0 + y / this.k0;
      var h = Math.cos(temp);
      con = Math.sqrt((1 - Math.pow(h, 2)) / (1 + Math.pow(g, 2)));
      lat = Math.asin(con);
  
      if (y < 0) {
        lat = -lat;
      }
  
      if ((g === 0) && (h === 0)) {
        lon = 0;
      }
      else {
        lon = adjust_lon(Math.atan2(g, h) + this.long0);
      }
    }
    else { // ellipsoidal form
      con = this.ml0 + y / this.k0;
      phi = pj_inv_mlfn(con, this.es, this.en);
  
      if (Math.abs(phi) < HALF_PI) {
        var sin_phi = Math.sin(phi);
        var cos_phi = Math.cos(phi);
        var tan_phi = Math.abs(cos_phi) > EPSLN ? Math.tan(phi) : 0;
        var c = this.ep2 * Math.pow(cos_phi, 2);
        var cs = Math.pow(c, 2);
        var t = Math.pow(tan_phi, 2);
        var ts = Math.pow(t, 2);
        con = 1 - this.es * Math.pow(sin_phi, 2);
        var d = x * Math.sqrt(con) / this.k0;
        var ds = Math.pow(d, 2);
        con = con * tan_phi;
  
        lat = phi - (con * ds / (1 - this.es)) * 0.5 * (1 -
          ds / 12 * (5 + 3 * t - 9 * c * t + c - 4 * cs -
          ds / 30 * (61 + 90 * t - 252 * c * t + 45 * ts + 46 * c -
          ds / 56 * (1385 + 3633 * t + 4095 * ts + 1574 * ts * t))));
  
        lon = adjust_lon(this.long0 + (d * (1 -
          ds / 6 * (1 + 2 * t + c -
          ds / 20 * (5 + 28 * t + 24 * ts + 8 * c * t + 6 * c -
          ds / 42 * (61 + 662 * t + 1320 * ts + 720 * ts * t)))) / cos_phi));
      }
      else {
        lat = HALF_PI * sign(y);
        lon = 0;
      }
    }
  
    p.x = lon;
    p.y = lat;
  
    return p;
  }
  
  var names$3 = ["Fast_Transverse_Mercator", "Fast Transverse Mercator"];
  var tmerc = {
    init: init$2,
    forward: forward$2,
    inverse: inverse$2,
    names: names$3
  };
  
  var sinh = function(x) {
    var r = Math.exp(x);
    r = (r - 1 / r) / 2;
    return r;
  };
  
  var hypot = function(x, y) {
    x = Math.abs(x);
    y = Math.abs(y);
    var a = Math.max(x, y);
    var b = Math.min(x, y) / (a ? a : 1);
  
    return a * Math.sqrt(1 + Math.pow(b, 2));
  };
  
  var log1py = function(x) {
    var y = 1 + x;
    var z = y - 1;
  
    return z === 0 ? x : x * Math.log(y) / z;
  };
  
  var asinhy = function(x) {
    var y = Math.abs(x);
    y = log1py(y * (1 + y / (hypot(1, y) + 1)));
  
    return x < 0 ? -y : y;
  };
  
  var gatg = function(pp, B) {
    var cos_2B = 2 * Math.cos(2 * B);
    var i = pp.length - 1;
    var h1 = pp[i];
    var h2 = 0;
    var h;
  
    while (--i >= 0) {
      h = -h2 + cos_2B * h1 + pp[i];
      h2 = h1;
      h1 = h;
    }
  
    return (B + h * Math.sin(2 * B));
  };
  
  var clens = function(pp, arg_r) {
    var r = 2 * Math.cos(arg_r);
    var i = pp.length - 1;
    var hr1 = pp[i];
    var hr2 = 0;
    var hr;
  
    while (--i >= 0) {
      hr = -hr2 + r * hr1 + pp[i];
      hr2 = hr1;
      hr1 = hr;
    }
  
    return Math.sin(arg_r) * hr;
  };
  
  var cosh = function(x) {
    var r = Math.exp(x);
    r = (r + 1 / r) / 2;
    return r;
  };
  
  var clens_cmplx = function(pp, arg_r, arg_i) {
    var sin_arg_r = Math.sin(arg_r);
    var cos_arg_r = Math.cos(arg_r);
    var sinh_arg_i = sinh(arg_i);
    var cosh_arg_i = cosh(arg_i);
    var r = 2 * cos_arg_r * cosh_arg_i;
    var i = -2 * sin_arg_r * sinh_arg_i;
    var j = pp.length - 1;
    var hr = pp[j];
    var hi1 = 0;
    var hr1 = 0;
    var hi = 0;
    var hr2;
    var hi2;
  
    while (--j >= 0) {
      hr2 = hr1;
      hi2 = hi1;
      hr1 = hr;
      hi1 = hi;
      hr = -hr2 + r * hr1 - i * hi1 + pp[j];
      hi = -hi2 + i * hr1 + r * hi1;
    }
  
    r = sin_arg_r * cosh_arg_i;
    i = cos_arg_r * sinh_arg_i;
  
    return [r * hr - i * hi, r * hi + i * hr];
  };
  
  // Heavily based on this etmerc projection implementation
  // https://github.com/mbloch/mapshaper-proj/blob/master/src/projections/etmerc.js
  
  function init$3() {
    if (!this.approx && (isNaN(this.es) || this.es <= 0)) {
      throw new Error('Incorrect elliptical usage. Try using the +approx option in the proj string, or PROJECTION["Fast_Transverse_Mercator"] in the WKT.');
    }
    if (this.approx) {
      // When '+approx' is set, use tmerc instead
      tmerc.init.apply(this);
      this.forward = tmerc.forward;
      this.inverse = tmerc.inverse;
    }
  
    this.x0 = this.x0 !== undefined ? this.x0 : 0;
    this.y0 = this.y0 !== undefined ? this.y0 : 0;
    this.long0 = this.long0 !== undefined ? this.long0 : 0;
    this.lat0 = this.lat0 !== undefined ? this.lat0 : 0;
  
    this.cgb = [];
    this.cbg = [];
    this.utg = [];
    this.gtu = [];
  
    var f = this.es / (1 + Math.sqrt(1 - this.es));
    var n = f / (2 - f);
    var np = n;
  
    this.cgb[0] = n * (2 + n * (-2 / 3 + n * (-2 + n * (116 / 45 + n * (26 / 45 + n * (-2854 / 675 ))))));
    this.cbg[0] = n * (-2 + n * ( 2 / 3 + n * ( 4 / 3 + n * (-82 / 45 + n * (32 / 45 + n * (4642 / 4725))))));
  
    np = np * n;
    this.cgb[1] = np * (7 / 3 + n * (-8 / 5 + n * (-227 / 45 + n * (2704 / 315 + n * (2323 / 945)))));
    this.cbg[1] = np * (5 / 3 + n * (-16 / 15 + n * ( -13 / 9 + n * (904 / 315 + n * (-1522 / 945)))));
  
    np = np * n;
    this.cgb[2] = np * (56 / 15 + n * (-136 / 35 + n * (-1262 / 105 + n * (73814 / 2835))));
    this.cbg[2] = np * (-26 / 15 + n * (34 / 21 + n * (8 / 5 + n * (-12686 / 2835))));
  
    np = np * n;
    this.cgb[3] = np * (4279 / 630 + n * (-332 / 35 + n * (-399572 / 14175)));
    this.cbg[3] = np * (1237 / 630 + n * (-12 / 5 + n * ( -24832 / 14175)));
  
    np = np * n;
    this.cgb[4] = np * (4174 / 315 + n * (-144838 / 6237));
    this.cbg[4] = np * (-734 / 315 + n * (109598 / 31185));
  
    np = np * n;
    this.cgb[5] = np * (601676 / 22275);
    this.cbg[5] = np * (444337 / 155925);
  
    np = Math.pow(n, 2);
    this.Qn = this.k0 / (1 + n) * (1 + np * (1 / 4 + np * (1 / 64 + np / 256)));
  
    this.utg[0] = n * (-0.5 + n * ( 2 / 3 + n * (-37 / 96 + n * ( 1 / 360 + n * (81 / 512 + n * (-96199 / 604800))))));
    this.gtu[0] = n * (0.5 + n * (-2 / 3 + n * (5 / 16 + n * (41 / 180 + n * (-127 / 288 + n * (7891 / 37800))))));
  
    this.utg[1] = np * (-1 / 48 + n * (-1 / 15 + n * (437 / 1440 + n * (-46 / 105 + n * (1118711 / 3870720)))));
    this.gtu[1] = np * (13 / 48 + n * (-3 / 5 + n * (557 / 1440 + n * (281 / 630 + n * (-1983433 / 1935360)))));
  
    np = np * n;
    this.utg[2] = np * (-17 / 480 + n * (37 / 840 + n * (209 / 4480 + n * (-5569 / 90720 ))));
    this.gtu[2] = np * (61 / 240 + n * (-103 / 140 + n * (15061 / 26880 + n * (167603 / 181440))));
  
    np = np * n;
    this.utg[3] = np * (-4397 / 161280 + n * (11 / 504 + n * (830251 / 7257600)));
    this.gtu[3] = np * (49561 / 161280 + n * (-179 / 168 + n * (6601661 / 7257600)));
  
    np = np * n;
    this.utg[4] = np * (-4583 / 161280 + n * (108847 / 3991680));
    this.gtu[4] = np * (34729 / 80640 + n * (-3418889 / 1995840));
  
    np = np * n;
    this.utg[5] = np * (-20648693 / 638668800);
    this.gtu[5] = np * (212378941 / 319334400);
  
    var Z = gatg(this.cbg, this.lat0);
    this.Zb = -this.Qn * (Z + clens(this.gtu, 2 * Z));
  }
  
  function forward$3(p) {
    var Ce = adjust_lon(p.x - this.long0);
    var Cn = p.y;
  
    Cn = gatg(this.cbg, Cn);
    var sin_Cn = Math.sin(Cn);
    var cos_Cn = Math.cos(Cn);
    var sin_Ce = Math.sin(Ce);
    var cos_Ce = Math.cos(Ce);
  
    Cn = Math.atan2(sin_Cn, cos_Ce * cos_Cn);
    Ce = Math.atan2(sin_Ce * cos_Cn, hypot(sin_Cn, cos_Cn * cos_Ce));
    Ce = asinhy(Math.tan(Ce));
  
    var tmp = clens_cmplx(this.gtu, 2 * Cn, 2 * Ce);
  
    Cn = Cn + tmp[0];
    Ce = Ce + tmp[1];
  
    var x;
    var y;
  
    if (Math.abs(Ce) <= 2.623395162778) {
      x = this.a * (this.Qn * Ce) + this.x0;
      y = this.a * (this.Qn * Cn + this.Zb) + this.y0;
    }
    else {
      x = Infinity;
      y = Infinity;
    }
  
    p.x = x;
    p.y = y;
  
    return p;
  }
  
  function inverse$3(p) {
    var Ce = (p.x - this.x0) * (1 / this.a);
    var Cn = (p.y - this.y0) * (1 / this.a);
  
    Cn = (Cn - this.Zb) / this.Qn;
    Ce = Ce / this.Qn;
  
    var lon;
    var lat;
  
    if (Math.abs(Ce) <= 2.623395162778) {
      var tmp = clens_cmplx(this.utg, 2 * Cn, 2 * Ce);
  
      Cn = Cn + tmp[0];
      Ce = Ce + tmp[1];
      Ce = Math.atan(sinh(Ce));
  
      var sin_Cn = Math.sin(Cn);
      var cos_Cn = Math.cos(Cn);
      var sin_Ce = Math.sin(Ce);
      var cos_Ce = Math.cos(Ce);
  
      Cn = Math.atan2(sin_Cn * cos_Ce, hypot(sin_Ce, cos_Ce * cos_Cn));
      Ce = Math.atan2(sin_Ce, cos_Ce * cos_Cn);
  
      lon = adjust_lon(Ce + this.long0);
      lat = gatg(this.cgb, Cn);
    }
    else {
      lon = Infinity;
      lat = Infinity;
    }
  
    p.x = lon;
    p.y = lat;
  
    return p;
  }
  
  var names$4 = ["Extended_Transverse_Mercator", "Extended Transverse Mercator", "etmerc", "Transverse_Mercator", "Transverse Mercator", "tmerc"];
  var etmerc = {
    init: init$3,
    forward: forward$3,
    inverse: inverse$3,
    names: names$4
  };
  
  var adjust_zone = function(zone, lon) {
    if (zone === undefined) {
      zone = Math.floor((adjust_lon(lon) + Math.PI) * 30 / Math.PI) + 1;
  
      if (zone < 0) {
        return 0;
      } else if (zone > 60) {
        return 60;
      }
    }
    return zone;
  };
  
  var dependsOn = 'etmerc';
  function init$4() {
    var zone = adjust_zone(this.zone, this.long0);
    if (zone === undefined) {
      throw new Error('unknown utm zone');
    }
    this.lat0 = 0;
    this.long0 =  ((6 * Math.abs(zone)) - 183) * D2R;
    this.x0 = 500000;
    this.y0 = this.utmSouth ? 10000000 : 0;
    this.k0 = 0.9996;
  
    etmerc.init.apply(this);
    this.forward = etmerc.forward;
    this.inverse = etmerc.inverse;
  }
  
  var names$5 = ["Universal Transverse Mercator System", "utm"];
  var utm = {
    init: init$4,
    names: names$5,
    dependsOn: dependsOn
  };
  
  var srat = function(esinp, exp) {
    return (Math.pow((1 - esinp) / (1 + esinp), exp));
  };
  
  var MAX_ITER$1 = 20;
  function init$6() {
    var sphi = Math.sin(this.lat0);
    var cphi = Math.cos(this.lat0);
    cphi *= cphi;
    this.rc = Math.sqrt(1 - this.es) / (1 - this.es * sphi * sphi);
    this.C = Math.sqrt(1 + this.es * cphi * cphi / (1 - this.es));
    this.phic0 = Math.asin(sphi / this.C);
    this.ratexp = 0.5 * this.C * this.e;
    this.K = Math.tan(0.5 * this.phic0 + FORTPI) / (Math.pow(Math.tan(0.5 * this.lat0 + FORTPI), this.C) * srat(this.e * sphi, this.ratexp));
  }
  
  function forward$5(p) {
    var lon = p.x;
    var lat = p.y;
  
    p.y = 2 * Math.atan(this.K * Math.pow(Math.tan(0.5 * lat + FORTPI), this.C) * srat(this.e * Math.sin(lat), this.ratexp)) - HALF_PI;
    p.x = this.C * lon;
    return p;
  }
  
  function inverse$5(p) {
    var DEL_TOL = 1e-14;
    var lon = p.x / this.C;
    var lat = p.y;
    var num = Math.pow(Math.tan(0.5 * lat + FORTPI) / this.K, 1 / this.C);
    for (var i = MAX_ITER$1; i > 0; --i) {
      lat = 2 * Math.atan(num * srat(this.e * Math.sin(p.y), - 0.5 * this.e)) - HALF_PI;
      if (Math.abs(lat - p.y) < DEL_TOL) {
        break;
      }
      p.y = lat;
    }
    /* convergence failed */
    if (!i) {
      return null;
    }
    p.x = lon;
    p.y = lat;
    return p;
  }
  
  var names$7 = ["gauss"];
  var gauss = {
    init: init$6,
    forward: forward$5,
    inverse: inverse$5,
    names: names$7
  };
  
  function init$5() {
    gauss.init.apply(this);
    if (!this.rc) {
      return;
    }
    this.sinc0 = Math.sin(this.phic0);
    this.cosc0 = Math.cos(this.phic0);
    this.R2 = 2 * this.rc;
    if (!this.title) {
      this.title = "Oblique Stereographic Alternative";
    }
  }
  
  function forward$4(p) {
    var sinc, cosc, cosl, k;
    p.x = adjust_lon(p.x - this.long0);
    gauss.forward.apply(this, [p]);
    sinc = Math.sin(p.y);
    cosc = Math.cos(p.y);
    cosl = Math.cos(p.x);
    k = this.k0 * this.R2 / (1 + this.sinc0 * sinc + this.cosc0 * cosc * cosl);
    p.x = k * cosc * Math.sin(p.x);
    p.y = k * (this.cosc0 * sinc - this.sinc0 * cosc * cosl);
    p.x = this.a * p.x + this.x0;
    p.y = this.a * p.y + this.y0;
    return p;
  }
  
  function inverse$4(p) {
    var sinc, cosc, lon, lat, rho;
    p.x = (p.x - this.x0) / this.a;
    p.y = (p.y - this.y0) / this.a;
  
    p.x /= this.k0;
    p.y /= this.k0;
    if ((rho = Math.sqrt(p.x * p.x + p.y * p.y))) {
      var c = 2 * Math.atan2(rho, this.R2);
      sinc = Math.sin(c);
      cosc = Math.cos(c);
      lat = Math.asin(cosc * this.sinc0 + p.y * sinc * this.cosc0 / rho);
      lon = Math.atan2(p.x * sinc, rho * this.cosc0 * cosc - p.y * this.sinc0 * sinc);
    }
    else {
      lat = this.phic0;
      lon = 0;
    }
  
    p.x = lon;
    p.y = lat;
    gauss.inverse.apply(this, [p]);
    p.x = adjust_lon(p.x + this.long0);
    return p;
  }
  
  var names$6 = ["Stereographic_North_Pole", "Oblique_Stereographic", "Polar_Stereographic", "sterea","Oblique Stereographic Alternative","Double_Stereographic"];
  var sterea = {
    init: init$5,
    forward: forward$4,
    inverse: inverse$4,
    names: names$6
  };
  
  function ssfn_(phit, sinphi, eccen) {
    sinphi *= eccen;
    return (Math.tan(0.5 * (HALF_PI + phit)) * Math.pow((1 - sinphi) / (1 + sinphi), 0.5 * eccen));
  }
  
  function init$7() {
    this.coslat0 = Math.cos(this.lat0);
    this.sinlat0 = Math.sin(this.lat0);
    if (this.sphere) {
      if (this.k0 === 1 && !isNaN(this.lat_ts) && Math.abs(this.coslat0) <= EPSLN) {
        this.k0 = 0.5 * (1 + sign(this.lat0) * Math.sin(this.lat_ts));
      }
    }
    else {
      if (Math.abs(this.coslat0) <= EPSLN) {
        if (this.lat0 > 0) {
          //North pole
          //trace('stere:north pole');
          this.con = 1;
        }
        else {
          //South pole
          //trace('stere:south pole');
          this.con = -1;
        }
      }
      this.cons = Math.sqrt(Math.pow(1 + this.e, 1 + this.e) * Math.pow(1 - this.e, 1 - this.e));
      if (this.k0 === 1 && !isNaN(this.lat_ts) && Math.abs(this.coslat0) <= EPSLN) {
        this.k0 = 0.5 * this.cons * msfnz(this.e, Math.sin(this.lat_ts), Math.cos(this.lat_ts)) / tsfnz(this.e, this.con * this.lat_ts, this.con * Math.sin(this.lat_ts));
      }
      this.ms1 = msfnz(this.e, this.sinlat0, this.coslat0);
      this.X0 = 2 * Math.atan(this.ssfn_(this.lat0, this.sinlat0, this.e)) - HALF_PI;
      this.cosX0 = Math.cos(this.X0);
      this.sinX0 = Math.sin(this.X0);
    }
  }
  
  // Stereographic forward equations--mapping lat,long to x,y
  function forward$6(p) {
    var lon = p.x;
    var lat = p.y;
    var sinlat = Math.sin(lat);
    var coslat = Math.cos(lat);
    var A, X, sinX, cosX, ts, rh;
    var dlon = adjust_lon(lon - this.long0);
  
    if (Math.abs(Math.abs(lon - this.long0) - Math.PI) <= EPSLN && Math.abs(lat + this.lat0) <= EPSLN) {
      //case of the origine point
      //trace('stere:this is the origin point');
      p.x = NaN;
      p.y = NaN;
      return p;
    }
    if (this.sphere) {
      //trace('stere:sphere case');
      A = 2 * this.k0 / (1 + this.sinlat0 * sinlat + this.coslat0 * coslat * Math.cos(dlon));
      p.x = this.a * A * coslat * Math.sin(dlon) + this.x0;
      p.y = this.a * A * (this.coslat0 * sinlat - this.sinlat0 * coslat * Math.cos(dlon)) + this.y0;
      return p;
    }
    else {
      X = 2 * Math.atan(this.ssfn_(lat, sinlat, this.e)) - HALF_PI;
      cosX = Math.cos(X);
      sinX = Math.sin(X);
      if (Math.abs(this.coslat0) <= EPSLN) {
        ts = tsfnz(this.e, lat * this.con, this.con * sinlat);
        rh = 2 * this.a * this.k0 * ts / this.cons;
        p.x = this.x0 + rh * Math.sin(lon - this.long0);
        p.y = this.y0 - this.con * rh * Math.cos(lon - this.long0);
        //trace(p.toString());
        return p;
      }
      else if (Math.abs(this.sinlat0) < EPSLN) {
        //Eq
        //trace('stere:equateur');
        A = 2 * this.a * this.k0 / (1 + cosX * Math.cos(dlon));
        p.y = A * sinX;
      }
      else {
        //other case
        //trace('stere:normal case');
        A = 2 * this.a * this.k0 * this.ms1 / (this.cosX0 * (1 + this.sinX0 * sinX + this.cosX0 * cosX * Math.cos(dlon)));
        p.y = A * (this.cosX0 * sinX - this.sinX0 * cosX * Math.cos(dlon)) + this.y0;
      }
      p.x = A * cosX * Math.sin(dlon) + this.x0;
    }
    //trace(p.toString());
    return p;
  }
  
  //* Stereographic inverse equations--mapping x,y to lat/long
  function inverse$6(p) {
    p.x -= this.x0;
    p.y -= this.y0;
    var lon, lat, ts, ce, Chi;
    var rh = Math.sqrt(p.x * p.x + p.y * p.y);
    if (this.sphere) {
      var c = 2 * Math.atan(rh / (2 * this.a * this.k0));
      lon = this.long0;
      lat = this.lat0;
      if (rh <= EPSLN) {
        p.x = lon;
        p.y = lat;
        return p;
      }
      lat = Math.asin(Math.cos(c) * this.sinlat0 + p.y * Math.sin(c) * this.coslat0 / rh);
      if (Math.abs(this.coslat0) < EPSLN) {
        if (this.lat0 > 0) {
          lon = adjust_lon(this.long0 + Math.atan2(p.x, - 1 * p.y));
        }
        else {
          lon = adjust_lon(this.long0 + Math.atan2(p.x, p.y));
        }
      }
      else {
        lon = adjust_lon(this.long0 + Math.atan2(p.x * Math.sin(c), rh * this.coslat0 * Math.cos(c) - p.y * this.sinlat0 * Math.sin(c)));
      }
      p.x = lon;
      p.y = lat;
      return p;
    }
    else {
      if (Math.abs(this.coslat0) <= EPSLN) {
        if (rh <= EPSLN) {
          lat = this.lat0;
          lon = this.long0;
          p.x = lon;
          p.y = lat;
          //trace(p.toString());
          return p;
        }
        p.x *= this.con;
        p.y *= this.con;
        ts = rh * this.cons / (2 * this.a * this.k0);
        lat = this.con * phi2z(this.e, ts);
        lon = this.con * adjust_lon(this.con * this.long0 + Math.atan2(p.x, - 1 * p.y));
      }
      else {
        ce = 2 * Math.atan(rh * this.cosX0 / (2 * this.a * this.k0 * this.ms1));
        lon = this.long0;
        if (rh <= EPSLN) {
          Chi = this.X0;
        }
        else {
          Chi = Math.asin(Math.cos(ce) * this.sinX0 + p.y * Math.sin(ce) * this.cosX0 / rh);
          lon = adjust_lon(this.long0 + Math.atan2(p.x * Math.sin(ce), rh * this.cosX0 * Math.cos(ce) - p.y * this.sinX0 * Math.sin(ce)));
        }
        lat = -1 * phi2z(this.e, Math.tan(0.5 * (HALF_PI + Chi)));
      }
    }
    p.x = lon;
    p.y = lat;
  
    //trace(p.toString());
    return p;
  
  }
  
  var names$8 = ["stere", "Stereographic_South_Pole", "Polar Stereographic (variant B)"];
  var stere = {
    init: init$7,
    forward: forward$6,
    inverse: inverse$6,
    names: names$8,
    ssfn_: ssfn_
  };
  
  /*
    references:
      Formules et constantes pour le Calcul pour la
      projection cylindrique conforme à axe oblique et pour la transformation entre
      des systèmes de référence.
      http://www.swisstopo.admin.ch/internet/swisstopo/fr/home/topics/survey/sys/refsys/switzerland.parsysrelated1.31216.downloadList.77004.DownloadFile.tmp/swissprojectionfr.pdf
    */
  
  function init$8() {
    var phy0 = this.lat0;
    this.lambda0 = this.long0;
    var sinPhy0 = Math.sin(phy0);
    var semiMajorAxis = this.a;
    var invF = this.rf;
    var flattening = 1 / invF;
    var e2 = 2 * flattening - Math.pow(flattening, 2);
    var e = this.e = Math.sqrt(e2);
    this.R = this.k0 * semiMajorAxis * Math.sqrt(1 - e2) / (1 - e2 * Math.pow(sinPhy0, 2));
    this.alpha = Math.sqrt(1 + e2 / (1 - e2) * Math.pow(Math.cos(phy0), 4));
    this.b0 = Math.asin(sinPhy0 / this.alpha);
    var k1 = Math.log(Math.tan(Math.PI / 4 + this.b0 / 2));
    var k2 = Math.log(Math.tan(Math.PI / 4 + phy0 / 2));
    var k3 = Math.log((1 + e * sinPhy0) / (1 - e * sinPhy0));
    this.K = k1 - this.alpha * k2 + this.alpha * e / 2 * k3;
  }
  
  function forward$7(p) {
    var Sa1 = Math.log(Math.tan(Math.PI / 4 - p.y / 2));
    var Sa2 = this.e / 2 * Math.log((1 + this.e * Math.sin(p.y)) / (1 - this.e * Math.sin(p.y)));
    var S = -this.alpha * (Sa1 + Sa2) + this.K;
  
    // spheric latitude
    var b = 2 * (Math.atan(Math.exp(S)) - Math.PI / 4);
  
    // spheric longitude
    var I = this.alpha * (p.x - this.lambda0);
  
    // psoeudo equatorial rotation
    var rotI = Math.atan(Math.sin(I) / (Math.sin(this.b0) * Math.tan(b) + Math.cos(this.b0) * Math.cos(I)));
  
    var rotB = Math.asin(Math.cos(this.b0) * Math.sin(b) - Math.sin(this.b0) * Math.cos(b) * Math.cos(I));
  
    p.y = this.R / 2 * Math.log((1 + Math.sin(rotB)) / (1 - Math.sin(rotB))) + this.y0;
    p.x = this.R * rotI + this.x0;
    return p;
  }
  
  function inverse$7(p) {
    var Y = p.x - this.x0;
    var X = p.y - this.y0;
  
    var rotI = Y / this.R;
    var rotB = 2 * (Math.atan(Math.exp(X / this.R)) - Math.PI / 4);
  
    var b = Math.asin(Math.cos(this.b0) * Math.sin(rotB) + Math.sin(this.b0) * Math.cos(rotB) * Math.cos(rotI));
    var I = Math.atan(Math.sin(rotI) / (Math.cos(this.b0) * Math.cos(rotI) - Math.sin(this.b0) * Math.tan(rotB)));
  
    var lambda = this.lambda0 + I / this.alpha;
  
    var S = 0;
    var phy = b;
    var prevPhy = -1000;
    var iteration = 0;
    while (Math.abs(phy - prevPhy) > 0.0000001) {
      if (++iteration > 20) {
        //...reportError("omercFwdInfinity");
        return;
      }
      //S = Math.log(Math.tan(Math.PI / 4 + phy / 2));
      S = 1 / this.alpha * (Math.log(Math.tan(Math.PI / 4 + b / 2)) - this.K) + this.e * Math.log(Math.tan(Math.PI / 4 + Math.asin(this.e * Math.sin(phy)) / 2));
      prevPhy = phy;
      phy = 2 * Math.atan(Math.exp(S)) - Math.PI / 2;
    }
  
    p.x = lambda;
    p.y = phy;
    return p;
  }
  
  var names$9 = ["somerc"];
  var somerc = {
    init: init$8,
    forward: forward$7,
    inverse: inverse$7,
    names: names$9
  };
  
  var TOL = 1e-7;
  
  function isTypeA(P) {
    var typeAProjections = ['Hotine_Oblique_Mercator','Hotine_Oblique_Mercator_Azimuth_Natural_Origin'];
    var projectionName = typeof P.PROJECTION === "object" ? Object.keys(P.PROJECTION)[0] : P.PROJECTION;
    
    return 'no_uoff' in P || 'no_off' in P || typeAProjections.indexOf(projectionName) !== -1;
  }
  
  
  /* Initialize the Oblique Mercator  projection
      ------------------------------------------*/
  function init$9() {  
    var con, com, cosph0, D, F, H, L, sinph0, p, J, gamma = 0,
      gamma0, lamc = 0, lam1 = 0, lam2 = 0, phi1 = 0, phi2 = 0, alpha_c = 0;
    
    // only Type A uses the no_off or no_uoff property
    // https://github.com/OSGeo/proj.4/issues/104
    this.no_off = isTypeA(this);
    this.no_rot = 'no_rot' in this;
    
    var alp = false;
    if ("alpha" in this) {
      alp = true;
    }
  
    var gam = false;
    if ("rectified_grid_angle" in this) {
      gam = true;
    }
  
    if (alp) {
      alpha_c = this.alpha;
    }
    
    if (gam) {
      gamma = (this.rectified_grid_angle * D2R);
    }
    
    if (alp || gam) {
      lamc = this.longc;
    } else {
      lam1 = this.long1;
      phi1 = this.lat1;
      lam2 = this.long2;
      phi2 = this.lat2;
      
      if (Math.abs(phi1 - phi2) <= TOL || (con = Math.abs(phi1)) <= TOL ||
          Math.abs(con - HALF_PI) <= TOL || Math.abs(Math.abs(this.lat0) - HALF_PI) <= TOL ||
          Math.abs(Math.abs(phi2) - HALF_PI) <= TOL) {
        throw new Error();
      }
    }
    
    var one_es = 1.0 - this.es;
    com = Math.sqrt(one_es);
    
    if (Math.abs(this.lat0) > EPSLN) {
      sinph0 = Math.sin(this.lat0);
      cosph0 = Math.cos(this.lat0);
      con = 1 - this.es * sinph0 * sinph0;
      this.B = cosph0 * cosph0;
      this.B = Math.sqrt(1 + this.es * this.B * this.B / one_es);
      this.A = this.B * this.k0 * com / con;
      D = this.B * com / (cosph0 * Math.sqrt(con));
      F = D * D -1;
      
      if (F <= 0) {
        F = 0;
      } else {
        F = Math.sqrt(F);
        if (this.lat0 < 0) {
          F = -F;
        }
      }
      
      this.E = F += D;
      this.E *= Math.pow(tsfnz(this.e, this.lat0, sinph0), this.B);
    } else {
      this.B = 1 / com;
      this.A = this.k0;
      this.E = D = F = 1;
    }
    
    if (alp || gam) {
      if (alp) {
        gamma0 = Math.asin(Math.sin(alpha_c) / D);
        if (!gam) {
          gamma = alpha_c;
        }
      } else {
        gamma0 = gamma;
        alpha_c = Math.asin(D * Math.sin(gamma0));
      }
      this.lam0 = lamc - Math.asin(0.5 * (F - 1 / F) * Math.tan(gamma0)) / this.B;
    } else {
      H = Math.pow(tsfnz(this.e, phi1, Math.sin(phi1)), this.B);
      L = Math.pow(tsfnz(this.e, phi2, Math.sin(phi2)), this.B);
      F = this.E / H;
      p = (L - H) / (L + H);
      J = this.E * this.E;
      J = (J - L * H) / (J + L * H);
      con = lam1 - lam2;
      
      if (con < -Math.pi) {
        lam2 -=TWO_PI;
      } else if (con > Math.pi) {
        lam2 += TWO_PI;
      }
      
      this.lam0 = adjust_lon(0.5 * (lam1 + lam2) - Math.atan(J * Math.tan(0.5 * this.B * (lam1 - lam2)) / p) / this.B);
      gamma0 = Math.atan(2 * Math.sin(this.B * adjust_lon(lam1 - this.lam0)) / (F - 1 / F));
      gamma = alpha_c = Math.asin(D * Math.sin(gamma0));
    }
    
    this.singam = Math.sin(gamma0);
    this.cosgam = Math.cos(gamma0);
    this.sinrot = Math.sin(gamma);
    this.cosrot = Math.cos(gamma);
    
    this.rB = 1 / this.B;
    this.ArB = this.A * this.rB;
    this.BrA = 1 / this.ArB;
    if (this.no_off) {
      this.u_0 = 0;
    } else {
      this.u_0 = Math.abs(this.ArB * Math.atan(Math.sqrt(D * D - 1) / Math.cos(alpha_c)));
      
      if (this.lat0 < 0) {
        this.u_0 = - this.u_0;
      }  
    }
      
    F = 0.5 * gamma0;
    this.v_pole_n = this.ArB * Math.log(Math.tan(FORTPI - F));
    this.v_pole_s = this.ArB * Math.log(Math.tan(FORTPI + F));
  }
  
  
  /* Oblique Mercator forward equations--mapping lat,long to x,y
      ----------------------------------------------------------*/
  function forward$8(p) {
    var coords = {};
    var S, T, U, V, W, temp, u, v;
    p.x = p.x - this.lam0;
    
    if (Math.abs(Math.abs(p.y) - HALF_PI) > EPSLN) {
      W = this.E / Math.pow(tsfnz(this.e, p.y, Math.sin(p.y)), this.B);
      
      temp = 1 / W;
      S = 0.5 * (W - temp);
      T = 0.5 * (W + temp);
      V = Math.sin(this.B * p.x);
      U = (S * this.singam - V * this.cosgam) / T;
          
      if (Math.abs(Math.abs(U) - 1.0) < EPSLN) {
        throw new Error();
      }
      
      v = 0.5 * this.ArB * Math.log((1 - U)/(1 + U));
      temp = Math.cos(this.B * p.x);
      
      if (Math.abs(temp) < TOL) {
        u = this.A * p.x;
      } else {
        u = this.ArB * Math.atan2((S * this.cosgam + V * this.singam), temp);
      }    
    } else {
      v = p.y > 0 ? this.v_pole_n : this.v_pole_s;
      u = this.ArB * p.y;
    }
       
    if (this.no_rot) {
      coords.x = u;
      coords.y = v;
    } else {
      u -= this.u_0;
      coords.x = v * this.cosrot + u * this.sinrot;
      coords.y = u * this.cosrot - v * this.sinrot;
    }
    
    coords.x = (this.a * coords.x + this.x0);
    coords.y = (this.a * coords.y + this.y0);
    
    return coords;
  }
  
  function inverse$8(p) {
    var u, v, Qp, Sp, Tp, Vp, Up;
    var coords = {};
    
    p.x = (p.x - this.x0) * (1.0 / this.a);
    p.y = (p.y - this.y0) * (1.0 / this.a);
  
    if (this.no_rot) {
      v = p.y;
      u = p.x;
    } else {
      v = p.x * this.cosrot - p.y * this.sinrot;
      u = p.y * this.cosrot + p.x * this.sinrot + this.u_0;
    }
    
    Qp = Math.exp(-this.BrA * v);
    Sp = 0.5 * (Qp - 1 / Qp);
    Tp = 0.5 * (Qp + 1 / Qp);
    Vp = Math.sin(this.BrA * u);
    Up = (Vp * this.cosgam + Sp * this.singam) / Tp;
    
    if (Math.abs(Math.abs(Up) - 1) < EPSLN) {
      coords.x = 0;
      coords.y = Up < 0 ? -HALF_PI : HALF_PI;
    } else {
      coords.y = this.E / Math.sqrt((1 + Up) / (1 - Up));
      coords.y = phi2z(this.e, Math.pow(coords.y, 1 / this.B));
      
      if (coords.y === Infinity) {
        throw new Error();
      }
          
      coords.x = -this.rB * Math.atan2((Sp * this.cosgam - Vp * this.singam), Math.cos(this.BrA * u));
    }
    
    coords.x += this.lam0;
    
    return coords;
  }
  
  var names$10 = ["Hotine_Oblique_Mercator", "Hotine Oblique Mercator", "Hotine_Oblique_Mercator_Azimuth_Natural_Origin", "Hotine_Oblique_Mercator_Two_Point_Natural_Origin", "Hotine_Oblique_Mercator_Azimuth_Center", "Oblique_Mercator", "omerc"];
  var omerc = {
    init: init$9,
    forward: forward$8,
    inverse: inverse$8,
    names: names$10
  };
  
  function init$10() {
    
    //double lat0;                    /* the reference latitude               */
    //double long0;                   /* the reference longitude              */
    //double lat1;                    /* first standard parallel              */
    //double lat2;                    /* second standard parallel             */
    //double r_maj;                   /* major axis                           */
    //double r_min;                   /* minor axis                           */
    //double false_east;              /* x offset in meters                   */
    //double false_north;             /* y offset in meters                   */
    
    //the above value can be set with proj4.defs
    //example: proj4.defs("EPSG:2154","+proj=lcc +lat_1=49 +lat_2=44 +lat_0=46.5 +lon_0=3 +x_0=700000 +y_0=6600000 +ellps=GRS80 +towgs84=0,0,0,0,0,0,0 +units=m +no_defs");
  
    if (!this.lat2) {
      this.lat2 = this.lat1;
    } //if lat2 is not defined
    if (!this.k0) {
      this.k0 = 1;
    }
    this.x0 = this.x0 || 0;
    this.y0 = this.y0 || 0;
    // Standard Parallels cannot be equal and on opposite sides of the equator
    if (Math.abs(this.lat1 + this.lat2) < EPSLN) {
      return;
    }
  
    var temp = this.b / this.a;
    this.e = Math.sqrt(1 - temp * temp);
  
    var sin1 = Math.sin(this.lat1);
    var cos1 = Math.cos(this.lat1);
    var ms1 = msfnz(this.e, sin1, cos1);
    var ts1 = tsfnz(this.e, this.lat1, sin1);
  
    var sin2 = Math.sin(this.lat2);
    var cos2 = Math.cos(this.lat2);
    var ms2 = msfnz(this.e, sin2, cos2);
    var ts2 = tsfnz(this.e, this.lat2, sin2);
  
    var ts0 = tsfnz(this.e, this.lat0, Math.sin(this.lat0));
  
    if (Math.abs(this.lat1 - this.lat2) > EPSLN) {
      this.ns = Math.log(ms1 / ms2) / Math.log(ts1 / ts2);
    }
    else {
      this.ns = sin1;
    }
    if (isNaN(this.ns)) {
      this.ns = sin1;
    }
    this.f0 = ms1 / (this.ns * Math.pow(ts1, this.ns));
    this.rh = this.a * this.f0 * Math.pow(ts0, this.ns);
    if (!this.title) {
      this.title = "Lambert Conformal Conic";
    }
  }
  
  // Lambert Conformal conic forward equations--mapping lat,long to x,y
  // -----------------------------------------------------------------
  function forward$9(p) {
  
    var lon = p.x;
    var lat = p.y;
  
    // singular cases :
    if (Math.abs(2 * Math.abs(lat) - Math.PI) <= EPSLN) {
      lat = sign(lat) * (HALF_PI - 2 * EPSLN);
    }
  
    var con = Math.abs(Math.abs(lat) - HALF_PI);
    var ts, rh1;
    if (con > EPSLN) {
      ts = tsfnz(this.e, lat, Math.sin(lat));
      rh1 = this.a * this.f0 * Math.pow(ts, this.ns);
    }
    else {
      con = lat * this.ns;
      if (con <= 0) {
        return null;
      }
      rh1 = 0;
    }
    var theta = this.ns * adjust_lon(lon - this.long0);
    p.x = this.k0 * (rh1 * Math.sin(theta)) + this.x0;
    p.y = this.k0 * (this.rh - rh1 * Math.cos(theta)) + this.y0;
  
    return p;
  }
  
  // Lambert Conformal Conic inverse equations--mapping x,y to lat/long
  // -----------------------------------------------------------------
  function inverse$9(p) {
  
    var rh1, con, ts;
    var lat, lon;
    var x = (p.x - this.x0) / this.k0;
    var y = (this.rh - (p.y - this.y0) / this.k0);
    if (this.ns > 0) {
      rh1 = Math.sqrt(x * x + y * y);
      con = 1;
    }
    else {
      rh1 = -Math.sqrt(x * x + y * y);
      con = -1;
    }
    var theta = 0;
    if (rh1 !== 0) {
      theta = Math.atan2((con * x), (con * y));
    }
    if ((rh1 !== 0) || (this.ns > 0)) {
      con = 1 / this.ns;
      ts = Math.pow((rh1 / (this.a * this.f0)), con);
      lat = phi2z(this.e, ts);
      if (lat === -9999) {
        return null;
      }
    }
    else {
      lat = -HALF_PI;
    }
    lon = adjust_lon(theta / this.ns + this.long0);
  
    p.x = lon;
    p.y = lat;
    return p;
  }
  
  var names$11 = [
    "Lambert Tangential Conformal Conic Projection",
    "Lambert_Conformal_Conic",
    "Lambert_Conformal_Conic_1SP",
    "Lambert_Conformal_Conic_2SP",
    "lcc"
  ];
  
  var lcc = {
    init: init$10,
    forward: forward$9,
    inverse: inverse$9,
    names: names$11
  };
  
  function init$11() {
    this.a = 6377397.155;
    this.es = 0.006674372230614;
    this.e = Math.sqrt(this.es);
    if (!this.lat0) {
      this.lat0 = 0.863937979737193;
    }
    if (!this.long0) {
      this.long0 = 0.7417649320975901 - 0.308341501185665;
    }
    /* if scale not set default to 0.9999 */
    if (!this.k0) {
      this.k0 = 0.9999;
    }
    this.s45 = 0.785398163397448; /* 45 */
    this.s90 = 2 * this.s45;
    this.fi0 = this.lat0;
    this.e2 = this.es;
    this.e = Math.sqrt(this.e2);
    this.alfa = Math.sqrt(1 + (this.e2 * Math.pow(Math.cos(this.fi0), 4)) / (1 - this.e2));
    this.uq = 1.04216856380474;
    this.u0 = Math.asin(Math.sin(this.fi0) / this.alfa);
    this.g = Math.pow((1 + this.e * Math.sin(this.fi0)) / (1 - this.e * Math.sin(this.fi0)), this.alfa * this.e / 2);
    this.k = Math.tan(this.u0 / 2 + this.s45) / Math.pow(Math.tan(this.fi0 / 2 + this.s45), this.alfa) * this.g;
    this.k1 = this.k0;
    this.n0 = this.a * Math.sqrt(1 - this.e2) / (1 - this.e2 * Math.pow(Math.sin(this.fi0), 2));
    this.s0 = 1.37008346281555;
    this.n = Math.sin(this.s0);
    this.ro0 = this.k1 * this.n0 / Math.tan(this.s0);
    this.ad = this.s90 - this.uq;
  }
  
  /* ellipsoid */
  /* calculate xy from lat/lon */
  /* Constants, identical to inverse transform function */
  function forward$10(p) {
    var gfi, u, deltav, s, d, eps, ro;
    var lon = p.x;
    var lat = p.y;
    var delta_lon = adjust_lon(lon - this.long0);
    /* Transformation */
    gfi = Math.pow(((1 + this.e * Math.sin(lat)) / (1 - this.e * Math.sin(lat))), (this.alfa * this.e / 2));
    u = 2 * (Math.atan(this.k * Math.pow(Math.tan(lat / 2 + this.s45), this.alfa) / gfi) - this.s45);
    deltav = -delta_lon * this.alfa;
    s = Math.asin(Math.cos(this.ad) * Math.sin(u) + Math.sin(this.ad) * Math.cos(u) * Math.cos(deltav));
    d = Math.asin(Math.cos(u) * Math.sin(deltav) / Math.cos(s));
    eps = this.n * d;
    ro = this.ro0 * Math.pow(Math.tan(this.s0 / 2 + this.s45), this.n) / Math.pow(Math.tan(s / 2 + this.s45), this.n);
    p.y = ro * Math.cos(eps) / 1;
    p.x = ro * Math.sin(eps) / 1;
  
    if (!this.czech) {
      p.y *= -1;
      p.x *= -1;
    }
    return (p);
  }
  
  /* calculate lat/lon from xy */
  function inverse$10(p) {
    var u, deltav, s, d, eps, ro, fi1;
    var ok;
  
    /* Transformation */
    /* revert y, x*/
    var tmp = p.x;
    p.x = p.y;
    p.y = tmp;
    if (!this.czech) {
      p.y *= -1;
      p.x *= -1;
    }
    ro = Math.sqrt(p.x * p.x + p.y * p.y);
    eps = Math.atan2(p.y, p.x);
    d = eps / Math.sin(this.s0);
    s = 2 * (Math.atan(Math.pow(this.ro0 / ro, 1 / this.n) * Math.tan(this.s0 / 2 + this.s45)) - this.s45);
    u = Math.asin(Math.cos(this.ad) * Math.sin(s) - Math.sin(this.ad) * Math.cos(s) * Math.cos(d));
    deltav = Math.asin(Math.cos(s) * Math.sin(d) / Math.cos(u));
    p.x = this.long0 - deltav / this.alfa;
    fi1 = u;
    ok = 0;
    var iter = 0;
    do {
      p.y = 2 * (Math.atan(Math.pow(this.k, - 1 / this.alfa) * Math.pow(Math.tan(u / 2 + this.s45), 1 / this.alfa) * Math.pow((1 + this.e * Math.sin(fi1)) / (1 - this.e * Math.sin(fi1)), this.e / 2)) - this.s45);
      if (Math.abs(fi1 - p.y) < 0.0000000001) {
        ok = 1;
      }
      fi1 = p.y;
      iter += 1;
    } while (ok === 0 && iter < 15);
    if (iter >= 15) {
      return null;
    }
  
    return (p);
  }
  
  var names$12 = ["Krovak", "krovak"];
  var krovak = {
    init: init$11,
    forward: forward$10,
    inverse: inverse$10,
    names: names$12
  };
  
  var mlfn = function(e0, e1, e2, e3, phi) {
    return (e0 * phi - e1 * Math.sin(2 * phi) + e2 * Math.sin(4 * phi) - e3 * Math.sin(6 * phi));
  };
  
  var e0fn = function(x) {
    return (1 - 0.25 * x * (1 + x / 16 * (3 + 1.25 * x)));
  };
  
  var e1fn = function(x) {
    return (0.375 * x * (1 + 0.25 * x * (1 + 0.46875 * x)));
  };
  
  var e2fn = function(x) {
    return (0.05859375 * x * x * (1 + 0.75 * x));
  };
  
  var e3fn = function(x) {
    return (x * x * x * (35 / 3072));
  };
  
  var gN = function(a, e, sinphi) {
    var temp = e * sinphi;
    return a / Math.sqrt(1 - temp * temp);
  };
  
  var adjust_lat = function(x) {
    return (Math.abs(x) < HALF_PI) ? x : (x - (sign(x) * Math.PI));
  };
  
  var imlfn = function(ml, e0, e1, e2, e3) {
    var phi;
    var dphi;
  
    phi = ml / e0;
    for (var i = 0; i < 15; i++) {
      dphi = (ml - (e0 * phi - e1 * Math.sin(2 * phi) + e2 * Math.sin(4 * phi) - e3 * Math.sin(6 * phi))) / (e0 - 2 * e1 * Math.cos(2 * phi) + 4 * e2 * Math.cos(4 * phi) - 6 * e3 * Math.cos(6 * phi));
      phi += dphi;
      if (Math.abs(dphi) <= 0.0000000001) {
        return phi;
      }
    }
  
    //..reportError("IMLFN-CONV:Latitude failed to converge after 15 iterations");
    return NaN;
  };
  
  function init$12() {
    if (!this.sphere) {
      this.e0 = e0fn(this.es);
      this.e1 = e1fn(this.es);
      this.e2 = e2fn(this.es);
      this.e3 = e3fn(this.es);
      this.ml0 = this.a * mlfn(this.e0, this.e1, this.e2, this.e3, this.lat0);
    }
  }
  
  /* Cassini forward equations--mapping lat,long to x,y
    -----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
  function forward$11(p) {
  
    /* Forward equations
        -----------------*/
    var x, y;
    var lam = p.x;
    var phi = p.y;
    lam = adjust_lon(lam - this.long0);
  
    if (this.sphere) {
      x = this.a * Math.asin(Math.cos(phi) * Math.sin(lam));
      y = this.a * (Math.atan2(Math.tan(phi), Math.cos(lam)) - this.lat0);
    }
    else {
      //ellipsoid
      var sinphi = Math.sin(phi);
      var cosphi = Math.cos(phi);
      var nl = gN(this.a, this.e, sinphi);
      var tl = Math.tan(phi) * Math.tan(phi);
      var al = lam * Math.cos(phi);
      var asq = al * al;
      var cl = this.es * cosphi * cosphi / (1 - this.es);
      var ml = this.a * mlfn(this.e0, this.e1, this.e2, this.e3, phi);
  
      x = nl * al * (1 - asq * tl * (1 / 6 - (8 - tl + 8 * cl) * asq / 120));
      y = ml - this.ml0 + nl * sinphi / cosphi * asq * (0.5 + (5 - tl + 6 * cl) * asq / 24);
  
  
    }
  
    p.x = x + this.x0;
    p.y = y + this.y0;
    return p;
  }
  
  /* Inverse equations
    -----------------*/
  function inverse$11(p) {
    p.x -= this.x0;
    p.y -= this.y0;
    var x = p.x / this.a;
    var y = p.y / this.a;
    var phi, lam;
  
    if (this.sphere) {
      var dd = y + this.lat0;
      phi = Math.asin(Math.sin(dd) * Math.cos(x));
      lam = Math.atan2(Math.tan(x), Math.cos(dd));
    }
    else {
      /* ellipsoid */
      var ml1 = this.ml0 / this.a + y;
      var phi1 = imlfn(ml1, this.e0, this.e1, this.e2, this.e3);
      if (Math.abs(Math.abs(phi1) - HALF_PI) <= EPSLN) {
        p.x = this.long0;
        p.y = HALF_PI;
        if (y < 0) {
          p.y *= -1;
        }
        return p;
      }
      var nl1 = gN(this.a, this.e, Math.sin(phi1));
  
      var rl1 = nl1 * nl1 * nl1 / this.a / this.a * (1 - this.es);
      var tl1 = Math.pow(Math.tan(phi1), 2);
      var dl = x * this.a / nl1;
      var dsq = dl * dl;
      phi = phi1 - nl1 * Math.tan(phi1) / rl1 * dl * dl * (0.5 - (1 + 3 * tl1) * dl * dl / 24);
      lam = dl * (1 - dsq * (tl1 / 3 + (1 + 3 * tl1) * tl1 * dsq / 15)) / Math.cos(phi1);
  
    }
  
    p.x = adjust_lon(lam + this.long0);
    p.y = adjust_lat(phi);
    return p;
  
  }
  
  var names$13 = ["Cassini", "Cassini_Soldner", "cass"];
  var cass = {
    init: init$12,
    forward: forward$11,
    inverse: inverse$11,
    names: names$13
  };
  
  var qsfnz = function(eccent, sinphi) {
    var con;
    if (eccent > 1.0e-7) {
      con = eccent * sinphi;
      return ((1 - eccent * eccent) * (sinphi / (1 - con * con) - (0.5 / eccent) * Math.log((1 - con) / (1 + con))));
    }
    else {
      return (2 * sinphi);
    }
  };
  
  /*
    reference
      "New Equal-Area Map Projections for Noncircular Regions", John P. Snyder,
      The American Cartographer, Vol 15, No. 4, October 1988, pp. 341-355.
    */
  
  var S_POLE = 1;
  
  var N_POLE = 2;
  var EQUIT = 3;
  var OBLIQ = 4;
  
  /* Initialize the Lambert Azimuthal Equal Area projection
    ------------------------------------------------------*/
  function init$13() {
    var t = Math.abs(this.lat0);
    if (Math.abs(t - HALF_PI) < EPSLN) {
      this.mode = this.lat0 < 0 ? this.S_POLE : this.N_POLE;
    }
    else if (Math.abs(t) < EPSLN) {
      this.mode = this.EQUIT;
    }
    else {
      this.mode = this.OBLIQ;
    }
    if (this.es > 0) {
      var sinphi;
  
      this.qp = qsfnz(this.e, 1);
      this.mmf = 0.5 / (1 - this.es);
      this.apa = authset(this.es);
      switch (this.mode) {
      case this.N_POLE:
        this.dd = 1;
        break;
      case this.S_POLE:
        this.dd = 1;
        break;
      case this.EQUIT:
        this.rq = Math.sqrt(0.5 * this.qp);
        this.dd = 1 / this.rq;
        this.xmf = 1;
        this.ymf = 0.5 * this.qp;
        break;
      case this.OBLIQ:
        this.rq = Math.sqrt(0.5 * this.qp);
        sinphi = Math.sin(this.lat0);
        this.sinb1 = qsfnz(this.e, sinphi) / this.qp;
        this.cosb1 = Math.sqrt(1 - this.sinb1 * this.sinb1);
        this.dd = Math.cos(this.lat0) / (Math.sqrt(1 - this.es * sinphi * sinphi) * this.rq * this.cosb1);
        this.ymf = (this.xmf = this.rq) / this.dd;
        this.xmf *= this.dd;
        break;
      }
    }
    else {
      if (this.mode === this.OBLIQ) {
        this.sinph0 = Math.sin(this.lat0);
        this.cosph0 = Math.cos(this.lat0);
      }
    }
  }
  
  /* Lambert Azimuthal Equal Area forward equations--mapping lat,long to x,y
    -----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
  function forward$12(p) {
  
    /* Forward equations
        -----------------*/
    var x, y, coslam, sinlam, sinphi, q, sinb, cosb, b, cosphi;
    var lam = p.x;
    var phi = p.y;
  
    lam = adjust_lon(lam - this.long0);
    if (this.sphere) {
      sinphi = Math.sin(phi);
      cosphi = Math.cos(phi);
      coslam = Math.cos(lam);
      if (this.mode === this.OBLIQ || this.mode === this.EQUIT) {
        y = (this.mode === this.EQUIT) ? 1 + cosphi * coslam : 1 + this.sinph0 * sinphi + this.cosph0 * cosphi * coslam;
        if (y <= EPSLN) {
          return null;
        }
        y = Math.sqrt(2 / y);
        x = y * cosphi * Math.sin(lam);
        y *= (this.mode === this.EQUIT) ? sinphi : this.cosph0 * sinphi - this.sinph0 * cosphi * coslam;
      }
      else if (this.mode === this.N_POLE || this.mode === this.S_POLE) {
        if (this.mode === this.N_POLE) {
          coslam = -coslam;
        }
        if (Math.abs(phi + this.lat0) < EPSLN) {
          return null;
        }
        y = FORTPI - phi * 0.5;
        y = 2 * ((this.mode === this.S_POLE) ? Math.cos(y) : Math.sin(y));
        x = y * Math.sin(lam);
        y *= coslam;
      }
    }
    else {
      sinb = 0;
      cosb = 0;
      b = 0;
      coslam = Math.cos(lam);
      sinlam = Math.sin(lam);
      sinphi = Math.sin(phi);
      q = qsfnz(this.e, sinphi);
      if (this.mode === this.OBLIQ || this.mode === this.EQUIT) {
        sinb = q / this.qp;
        cosb = Math.sqrt(1 - sinb * sinb);
      }
      switch (this.mode) {
      case this.OBLIQ:
        b = 1 + this.sinb1 * sinb + this.cosb1 * cosb * coslam;
        break;
      case this.EQUIT:
        b = 1 + cosb * coslam;
        break;
      case this.N_POLE:
        b = HALF_PI + phi;
        q = this.qp - q;
        break;
      case this.S_POLE:
        b = phi - HALF_PI;
        q = this.qp + q;
        break;
      }
      if (Math.abs(b) < EPSLN) {
        return null;
      }
      switch (this.mode) {
      case this.OBLIQ:
      case this.EQUIT:
        b = Math.sqrt(2 / b);
        if (this.mode === this.OBLIQ) {
          y = this.ymf * b * (this.cosb1 * sinb - this.sinb1 * cosb * coslam);
        }
        else {
          y = (b = Math.sqrt(2 / (1 + cosb * coslam))) * sinb * this.ymf;
        }
        x = this.xmf * b * cosb * sinlam;
        break;
      case this.N_POLE:
      case this.S_POLE:
        if (q >= 0) {
          x = (b = Math.sqrt(q)) * sinlam;
          y = coslam * ((this.mode === this.S_POLE) ? b : -b);
        }
        else {
          x = y = 0;
        }
        break;
      }
    }
  
    p.x = this.a * x + this.x0;
    p.y = this.a * y + this.y0;
    return p;
  }
  
  /* Inverse equations
    -----------------*/
  function inverse$12(p) {
    p.x -= this.x0;
    p.y -= this.y0;
    var x = p.x / this.a;
    var y = p.y / this.a;
    var lam, phi, cCe, sCe, q, rho, ab;
    if (this.sphere) {
      var cosz = 0,
        rh, sinz = 0;
  
      rh = Math.sqrt(x * x + y * y);
      phi = rh * 0.5;
      if (phi > 1) {
        return null;
      }
      phi = 2 * Math.asin(phi);
      if (this.mode === this.OBLIQ || this.mode === this.EQUIT) {
        sinz = Math.sin(phi);
        cosz = Math.cos(phi);
      }
      switch (this.mode) {
      case this.EQUIT:
        phi = (Math.abs(rh) <= EPSLN) ? 0 : Math.asin(y * sinz / rh);
        x *= sinz;
        y = cosz * rh;
        break;
      case this.OBLIQ:
        phi = (Math.abs(rh) <= EPSLN) ? this.lat0 : Math.asin(cosz * this.sinph0 + y * sinz * this.cosph0 / rh);
        x *= sinz * this.cosph0;
        y = (cosz - Math.sin(phi) * this.sinph0) * rh;
        break;
      case this.N_POLE:
        y = -y;
        phi = HALF_PI - phi;
        break;
      case this.S_POLE:
        phi -= HALF_PI;
        break;
      }
      lam = (y === 0 && (this.mode === this.EQUIT || this.mode === this.OBLIQ)) ? 0 : Math.atan2(x, y);
    }
    else {
      ab = 0;
      if (this.mode === this.OBLIQ || this.mode === this.EQUIT) {
        x /= this.dd;
        y *= this.dd;
        rho = Math.sqrt(x * x + y * y);
        if (rho < EPSLN) {
          p.x = this.long0;
          p.y = this.lat0;
          return p;
        }
        sCe = 2 * Math.asin(0.5 * rho / this.rq);
        cCe = Math.cos(sCe);
        x *= (sCe = Math.sin(sCe));
        if (this.mode === this.OBLIQ) {
          ab = cCe * this.sinb1 + y * sCe * this.cosb1 / rho;
          q = this.qp * ab;
          y = rho * this.cosb1 * cCe - y * this.sinb1 * sCe;
        }
        else {
          ab = y * sCe / rho;
          q = this.qp * ab;
          y = rho * cCe;
        }
      }
      else if (this.mode === this.N_POLE || this.mode === this.S_POLE) {
        if (this.mode === this.N_POLE) {
          y = -y;
        }
        q = (x * x + y * y);
        if (!q) {
          p.x = this.long0;
          p.y = this.lat0;
          return p;
        }
        ab = 1 - q / this.qp;
        if (this.mode === this.S_POLE) {
          ab = -ab;
        }
      }
      lam = Math.atan2(x, y);
      phi = authlat(Math.asin(ab), this.apa);
    }
  
    p.x = adjust_lon(this.long0 + lam);
    p.y = phi;
    return p;
  }
  
  /* determine latitude from authalic latitude */
  var P00 = 0.33333333333333333333;
  
  var P01 = 0.17222222222222222222;
  var P02 = 0.10257936507936507936;
  var P10 = 0.06388888888888888888;
  var P11 = 0.06640211640211640211;
  var P20 = 0.01641501294219154443;
  
  function authset(es) {
    var t;
    var APA = [];
    APA[0] = es * P00;
    t = es * es;
    APA[0] += t * P01;
    APA[1] = t * P10;
    t *= es;
    APA[0] += t * P02;
    APA[1] += t * P11;
    APA[2] = t * P20;
    return APA;
  }
  
  function authlat(beta, APA) {
    var t = beta + beta;
    return (beta + APA[0] * Math.sin(t) + APA[1] * Math.sin(t + t) + APA[2] * Math.sin(t + t + t));
  }
  
  var names$14 = ["Lambert Azimuthal Equal Area", "Lambert_Azimuthal_Equal_Area", "laea"];
  var laea = {
    init: init$13,
    forward: forward$12,
    inverse: inverse$12,
    names: names$14,
    S_POLE: S_POLE,
    N_POLE: N_POLE,
    EQUIT: EQUIT,
    OBLIQ: OBLIQ
  };
  
  var asinz = function(x) {
    if (Math.abs(x) > 1) {
      x = (x > 1) ? 1 : -1;
    }
    return Math.asin(x);
  };
  
  function init$14() {
  
    if (Math.abs(this.lat1 + this.lat2) < EPSLN) {
      return;
    }
    this.temp = this.b / this.a;
    this.es = 1 - Math.pow(this.temp, 2);
    this.e3 = Math.sqrt(this.es);
  
    this.sin_po = Math.sin(this.lat1);
    this.cos_po = Math.cos(this.lat1);
    this.t1 = this.sin_po;
    this.con = this.sin_po;
    this.ms1 = msfnz(this.e3, this.sin_po, this.cos_po);
    this.qs1 = qsfnz(this.e3, this.sin_po, this.cos_po);
  
    this.sin_po = Math.sin(this.lat2);
    this.cos_po = Math.cos(this.lat2);
    this.t2 = this.sin_po;
    this.ms2 = msfnz(this.e3, this.sin_po, this.cos_po);
    this.qs2 = qsfnz(this.e3, this.sin_po, this.cos_po);
  
    this.sin_po = Math.sin(this.lat0);
    this.cos_po = Math.cos(this.lat0);
    this.t3 = this.sin_po;
    this.qs0 = qsfnz(this.e3, this.sin_po, this.cos_po);
  
    if (Math.abs(this.lat1 - this.lat2) > EPSLN) {
      this.ns0 = (this.ms1 * this.ms1 - this.ms2 * this.ms2) / (this.qs2 - this.qs1);
    }
    else {
      this.ns0 = this.con;
    }
    this.c = this.ms1 * this.ms1 + this.ns0 * this.qs1;
    this.rh = this.a * Math.sqrt(this.c - this.ns0 * this.qs0) / this.ns0;
  }
  
  /* Albers Conical Equal Area forward equations--mapping lat,long to x,y
    -------------------------------------------------------------------*/
  function forward$13(p) {
  
    var lon = p.x;
    var lat = p.y;
  
    this.sin_phi = Math.sin(lat);
    this.cos_phi = Math.cos(lat);
  
    var qs = qsfnz(this.e3, this.sin_phi, this.cos_phi);
    var rh1 = this.a * Math.sqrt(this.c - this.ns0 * qs) / this.ns0;
    var theta = this.ns0 * adjust_lon(lon - this.long0);
    var x = rh1 * Math.sin(theta) + this.x0;
    var y = this.rh - rh1 * Math.cos(theta) + this.y0;
  
    p.x = x;
    p.y = y;
    return p;
  }
  
  function inverse$13(p) {
    var rh1, qs, con, theta, lon, lat;
  
    p.x -= this.x0;
    p.y = this.rh - p.y + this.y0;
    if (this.ns0 >= 0) {
      rh1 = Math.sqrt(p.x * p.x + p.y * p.y);
      con = 1;
    }
    else {
      rh1 = -Math.sqrt(p.x * p.x + p.y * p.y);
      con = -1;
    }
    theta = 0;
    if (rh1 !== 0) {
      theta = Math.atan2(con * p.x, con * p.y);
    }
    con = rh1 * this.ns0 / this.a;
    if (this.sphere) {
      lat = Math.asin((this.c - con * con) / (2 * this.ns0));
    }
    else {
      qs = (this.c - con * con) / this.ns0;
      lat = this.phi1z(this.e3, qs);
    }
  
    lon = adjust_lon(theta / this.ns0 + this.long0);
    p.x = lon;
    p.y = lat;
    return p;
  }
  
  /* Function to compute phi1, the latitude for the inverse of the
     Albers Conical Equal-Area projection.
  -------------------------------------------*/
  function phi1z(eccent, qs) {
    var sinphi, cosphi, con, com, dphi;
    var phi = asinz(0.5 * qs);
    if (eccent < EPSLN) {
      return phi;
    }
  
    var eccnts = eccent * eccent;
    for (var i = 1; i <= 25; i++) {
      sinphi = Math.sin(phi);
      cosphi = Math.cos(phi);
      con = eccent * sinphi;
      com = 1 - con * con;
      dphi = 0.5 * com * com / cosphi * (qs / (1 - eccnts) - sinphi / com + 0.5 / eccent * Math.log((1 - con) / (1 + con)));
      phi = phi + dphi;
      if (Math.abs(dphi) <= 1e-7) {
        return phi;
      }
    }
    return null;
  }
  
  var names$15 = ["Albers_Conic_Equal_Area", "Albers", "aea"];
  var aea = {
    init: init$14,
    forward: forward$13,
    inverse: inverse$13,
    names: names$15,
    phi1z: phi1z
  };
  
  /*
    reference:
      Wolfram Mathworld "Gnomonic Projection"
      http://mathworld.wolfram.com/GnomonicProjection.html
      Accessed: 12th November 2009
    */
  function init$15() {
  
    /* Place parameters in static storage for common use
        -------------------------------------------------*/
    this.sin_p14 = Math.sin(this.lat0);
    this.cos_p14 = Math.cos(this.lat0);
    // Approximation for projecting points to the horizon (infinity)
    this.infinity_dist = 1000 * this.a;
    this.rc = 1;
  }
  
  /* Gnomonic forward equations--mapping lat,long to x,y
      ---------------------------------------------------*/
  function forward$14(p) {
    var sinphi, cosphi; /* sin and cos value        */
    var dlon; /* delta longitude value      */
    var coslon; /* cos of longitude        */
    var ksp; /* scale factor          */
    var g;
    var x, y;
    var lon = p.x;
    var lat = p.y;
    /* Forward equations
        -----------------*/
    dlon = adjust_lon(lon - this.long0);
  
    sinphi = Math.sin(lat);
    cosphi = Math.cos(lat);
  
    coslon = Math.cos(dlon);
    g = this.sin_p14 * sinphi + this.cos_p14 * cosphi * coslon;
    ksp = 1;
    if ((g > 0) || (Math.abs(g) <= EPSLN)) {
      x = this.x0 + this.a * ksp * cosphi * Math.sin(dlon) / g;
      y = this.y0 + this.a * ksp * (this.cos_p14 * sinphi - this.sin_p14 * cosphi * coslon) / g;
    }
    else {
  
      // Point is in the opposing hemisphere and is unprojectable
      // We still need to return a reasonable point, so we project
      // to infinity, on a bearing
      // equivalent to the northern hemisphere equivalent
      // This is a reasonable approximation for short shapes and lines that
      // straddle the horizon.
  
      x = this.x0 + this.infinity_dist * cosphi * Math.sin(dlon);
      y = this.y0 + this.infinity_dist * (this.cos_p14 * sinphi - this.sin_p14 * cosphi * coslon);
  
    }
    p.x = x;
    p.y = y;
    return p;
  }
  
  function inverse$14(p) {
    var rh; /* Rho */
    var sinc, cosc;
    var c;
    var lon, lat;
  
    /* Inverse equations
        -----------------*/
    p.x = (p.x - this.x0) / this.a;
    p.y = (p.y - this.y0) / this.a;
  
    p.x /= this.k0;
    p.y /= this.k0;
  
    if ((rh = Math.sqrt(p.x * p.x + p.y * p.y))) {
      c = Math.atan2(rh, this.rc);
      sinc = Math.sin(c);
      cosc = Math.cos(c);
  
      lat = asinz(cosc * this.sin_p14 + (p.y * sinc * this.cos_p14) / rh);
      lon = Math.atan2(p.x * sinc, rh * this.cos_p14 * cosc - p.y * this.sin_p14 * sinc);
      lon = adjust_lon(this.long0 + lon);
    }
    else {
      lat = this.phic0;
      lon = 0;
    }
  
    p.x = lon;
    p.y = lat;
    return p;
  }
  
  var names$16 = ["gnom"];
  var gnom = {
    init: init$15,
    forward: forward$14,
    inverse: inverse$14,
    names: names$16
  };
  
  var iqsfnz = function(eccent, q) {
    var temp = 1 - (1 - eccent * eccent) / (2 * eccent) * Math.log((1 - eccent) / (1 + eccent));
    if (Math.abs(Math.abs(q) - temp) < 1.0E-6) {
      if (q < 0) {
        return (-1 * HALF_PI);
      }
      else {
        return HALF_PI;
      }
    }
    //var phi = 0.5* q/(1-eccent*eccent);
    var phi = Math.asin(0.5 * q);
    var dphi;
    var sin_phi;
    var cos_phi;
    var con;
    for (var i = 0; i < 30; i++) {
      sin_phi = Math.sin(phi);
      cos_phi = Math.cos(phi);
      con = eccent * sin_phi;
      dphi = Math.pow(1 - con * con, 2) / (2 * cos_phi) * (q / (1 - eccent * eccent) - sin_phi / (1 - con * con) + 0.5 / eccent * Math.log((1 - con) / (1 + con)));
      phi += dphi;
      if (Math.abs(dphi) <= 0.0000000001) {
        return phi;
      }
    }
  
    //console.log("IQSFN-CONV:Latitude failed to converge after 30 iterations");
    return NaN;
  };
  
  /*
    reference:
      "Cartographic Projection Procedures for the UNIX Environment-
      A User's Manual" by Gerald I. Evenden,
      USGS Open File Report 90-284and Release 4 Interim Reports (2003)
  */
  function init$16() {
    //no-op
    if (!this.sphere) {
      this.k0 = msfnz(this.e, Math.sin(this.lat_ts), Math.cos(this.lat_ts));
    }
  }
  
  /* Cylindrical Equal Area forward equations--mapping lat,long to x,y
      ------------------------------------------------------------*/
  function forward$15(p) {
    var lon = p.x;
    var lat = p.y;
    var x, y;
    /* Forward equations
        -----------------*/
    var dlon = adjust_lon(lon - this.long0);
    if (this.sphere) {
      x = this.x0 + this.a * dlon * Math.cos(this.lat_ts);
      y = this.y0 + this.a * Math.sin(lat) / Math.cos(this.lat_ts);
    }
    else {
      var qs = qsfnz(this.e, Math.sin(lat));
      x = this.x0 + this.a * this.k0 * dlon;
      y = this.y0 + this.a * qs * 0.5 / this.k0;
    }
  
    p.x = x;
    p.y = y;
    return p;
  }
  
  /* Cylindrical Equal Area inverse equations--mapping x,y to lat/long
      ------------------------------------------------------------*/
  function inverse$15(p) {
    p.x -= this.x0;
    p.y -= this.y0;
    var lon, lat;
  
    if (this.sphere) {
      lon = adjust_lon(this.long0 + (p.x / this.a) / Math.cos(this.lat_ts));
      lat = Math.asin((p.y / this.a) * Math.cos(this.lat_ts));
    }
    else {
      lat = iqsfnz(this.e, 2 * p.y * this.k0 / this.a);
      lon = adjust_lon(this.long0 + p.x / (this.a * this.k0));
    }
  
    p.x = lon;
    p.y = lat;
    return p;
  }
  
  var names$17 = ["cea"];
  var cea = {
    init: init$16,
    forward: forward$15,
    inverse: inverse$15,
    names: names$17
  };
  
  function init$17() {
  
    this.x0 = this.x0 || 0;
    this.y0 = this.y0 || 0;
    this.lat0 = this.lat0 || 0;
    this.long0 = this.long0 || 0;
    this.lat_ts = this.lat_ts || 0;
    this.title = this.title || "Equidistant Cylindrical (Plate Carre)";
  
    this.rc = Math.cos(this.lat_ts);
  }
  
  // forward equations--mapping lat,long to x,y
  // -----------------------------------------------------------------
  function forward$16(p) {
  
    var lon = p.x;
    var lat = p.y;
  
    var dlon = adjust_lon(lon - this.long0);
    var dlat = adjust_lat(lat - this.lat0);
    p.x = this.x0 + (this.a * dlon * this.rc);
    p.y = this.y0 + (this.a * dlat);
    return p;
  }
  
  // inverse equations--mapping x,y to lat/long
  // -----------------------------------------------------------------
  function inverse$16(p) {
  
    var x = p.x;
    var y = p.y;
  
    p.x = adjust_lon(this.long0 + ((x - this.x0) / (this.a * this.rc)));
    p.y = adjust_lat(this.lat0 + ((y - this.y0) / (this.a)));
    return p;
  }
  
  var names$18 = ["Equirectangular", "Equidistant_Cylindrical", "eqc"];
  var eqc = {
    init: init$17,
    forward: forward$16,
    inverse: inverse$16,
    names: names$18
  };
  
  var MAX_ITER$2 = 20;
  
  function init$18() {
    /* Place parameters in static storage for common use
        -------------------------------------------------*/
    this.temp = this.b / this.a;
    this.es = 1 - Math.pow(this.temp, 2); // devait etre dans tmerc.js mais n y est pas donc je commente sinon retour de valeurs nulles
    this.e = Math.sqrt(this.es);
    this.e0 = e0fn(this.es);
    this.e1 = e1fn(this.es);
    this.e2 = e2fn(this.es);
    this.e3 = e3fn(this.es);
    this.ml0 = this.a * mlfn(this.e0, this.e1, this.e2, this.e3, this.lat0); //si que des zeros le calcul ne se fait pas
  }
  
  /* Polyconic forward equations--mapping lat,long to x,y
      ---------------------------------------------------*/
  function forward$17(p) {
    var lon = p.x;
    var lat = p.y;
    var x, y, el;
    var dlon = adjust_lon(lon - this.long0);
    el = dlon * Math.sin(lat);
    if (this.sphere) {
      if (Math.abs(lat) <= EPSLN) {
        x = this.a * dlon;
        y = -1 * this.a * this.lat0;
      }
      else {
        x = this.a * Math.sin(el) / Math.tan(lat);
        y = this.a * (adjust_lat(lat - this.lat0) + (1 - Math.cos(el)) / Math.tan(lat));
      }
    }
    else {
      if (Math.abs(lat) <= EPSLN) {
        x = this.a * dlon;
        y = -1 * this.ml0;
      }
      else {
        var nl = gN(this.a, this.e, Math.sin(lat)) / Math.tan(lat);
        x = nl * Math.sin(el);
        y = this.a * mlfn(this.e0, this.e1, this.e2, this.e3, lat) - this.ml0 + nl * (1 - Math.cos(el));
      }
  
    }
    p.x = x + this.x0;
    p.y = y + this.y0;
    return p;
  }
  
  /* Inverse equations
    -----------------*/
  function inverse$17(p) {
    var lon, lat, x, y, i;
    var al, bl;
    var phi, dphi;
    x = p.x - this.x0;
    y = p.y - this.y0;
  
    if (this.sphere) {
      if (Math.abs(y + this.a * this.lat0) <= EPSLN) {
        lon = adjust_lon(x / this.a + this.long0);
        lat = 0;
      }
      else {
        al = this.lat0 + y / this.a;
        bl = x * x / this.a / this.a + al * al;
        phi = al;
        var tanphi;
        for (i = MAX_ITER$2; i; --i) {
          tanphi = Math.tan(phi);
          dphi = -1 * (al * (phi * tanphi + 1) - phi - 0.5 * (phi * phi + bl) * tanphi) / ((phi - al) / tanphi - 1);
          phi += dphi;
          if (Math.abs(dphi) <= EPSLN) {
            lat = phi;
            break;
          }
        }
        lon = adjust_lon(this.long0 + (Math.asin(x * Math.tan(phi) / this.a)) / Math.sin(lat));
      }
    }
    else {
      if (Math.abs(y + this.ml0) <= EPSLN) {
        lat = 0;
        lon = adjust_lon(this.long0 + x / this.a);
      }
      else {
  
        al = (this.ml0 + y) / this.a;
        bl = x * x / this.a / this.a + al * al;
        phi = al;
        var cl, mln, mlnp, ma;
        var con;
        for (i = MAX_ITER$2; i; --i) {
          con = this.e * Math.sin(phi);
          cl = Math.sqrt(1 - con * con) * Math.tan(phi);
          mln = this.a * mlfn(this.e0, this.e1, this.e2, this.e3, phi);
          mlnp = this.e0 - 2 * this.e1 * Math.cos(2 * phi) + 4 * this.e2 * Math.cos(4 * phi) - 6 * this.e3 * Math.cos(6 * phi);
          ma = mln / this.a;
          dphi = (al * (cl * ma + 1) - ma - 0.5 * cl * (ma * ma + bl)) / (this.es * Math.sin(2 * phi) * (ma * ma + bl - 2 * al * ma) / (4 * cl) + (al - ma) * (cl * mlnp - 2 / Math.sin(2 * phi)) - mlnp);
          phi -= dphi;
          if (Math.abs(dphi) <= EPSLN) {
            lat = phi;
            break;
          }
        }
  
        //lat=phi4z(this.e,this.e0,this.e1,this.e2,this.e3,al,bl,0,0);
        cl = Math.sqrt(1 - this.es * Math.pow(Math.sin(lat), 2)) * Math.tan(lat);
        lon = adjust_lon(this.long0 + Math.asin(x * cl / this.a) / Math.sin(lat));
      }
    }
  
    p.x = lon;
    p.y = lat;
    return p;
  }
  
  var names$19 = ["Polyconic", "poly"];
  var poly = {
    init: init$18,
    forward: forward$17,
    inverse: inverse$17,
    names: names$19
  };
  
  /*
    reference
      Department of Land and Survey Technical Circular 1973/32
        http://www.linz.govt.nz/docs/miscellaneous/nz-map-definition.pdf
      OSG Technical Report 4.1
        http://www.linz.govt.nz/docs/miscellaneous/nzmg.pdf
    */
  
  /**
   * iterations: Number of iterations to refine inverse transform.
   *     0 -> km accuracy
   *     1 -> m accuracy -- suitable for most mapping applications
   *     2 -> mm accuracy
   */
  
  
  function init$19() {
    this.A = [];
    this.A[1] = 0.6399175073;
    this.A[2] = -0.1358797613;
    this.A[3] = 0.063294409;
    this.A[4] = -0.02526853;
    this.A[5] = 0.0117879;
    this.A[6] = -0.0055161;
    this.A[7] = 0.0026906;
    this.A[8] = -0.001333;
    this.A[9] = 0.00067;
    this.A[10] = -0.00034;
  
    this.B_re = [];
    this.B_im = [];
    this.B_re[1] = 0.7557853228;
    this.B_im[1] = 0;
    this.B_re[2] = 0.249204646;
    this.B_im[2] = 0.003371507;
    this.B_re[3] = -0.001541739;
    this.B_im[3] = 0.041058560;
    this.B_re[4] = -0.10162907;
    this.B_im[4] = 0.01727609;
    this.B_re[5] = -0.26623489;
    this.B_im[5] = -0.36249218;
    this.B_re[6] = -0.6870983;
    this.B_im[6] = -1.1651967;
  
    this.C_re = [];
    this.C_im = [];
    this.C_re[1] = 1.3231270439;
    this.C_im[1] = 0;
    this.C_re[2] = -0.577245789;
    this.C_im[2] = -0.007809598;
    this.C_re[3] = 0.508307513;
    this.C_im[3] = -0.112208952;
    this.C_re[4] = -0.15094762;
    this.C_im[4] = 0.18200602;
    this.C_re[5] = 1.01418179;
    this.C_im[5] = 1.64497696;
    this.C_re[6] = 1.9660549;
    this.C_im[6] = 2.5127645;
  
    this.D = [];
    this.D[1] = 1.5627014243;
    this.D[2] = 0.5185406398;
    this.D[3] = -0.03333098;
    this.D[4] = -0.1052906;
    this.D[5] = -0.0368594;
    this.D[6] = 0.007317;
    this.D[7] = 0.01220;
    this.D[8] = 0.00394;
    this.D[9] = -0.0013;
  }
  
  /**
      New Zealand Map Grid Forward  - long/lat to x/y
      long/lat in radians
    */
  function forward$18(p) {
    var n;
    var lon = p.x;
    var lat = p.y;
  
    var delta_lat = lat - this.lat0;
    var delta_lon = lon - this.long0;
  
    // 1. Calculate d_phi and d_psi    ...                          // and d_lambda
    // For this algorithm, delta_latitude is in seconds of arc x 10-5, so we need to scale to those units. Longitude is radians.
    var d_phi = delta_lat / SEC_TO_RAD * 1E-5;
    var d_lambda = delta_lon;
    var d_phi_n = 1; // d_phi^0
  
    var d_psi = 0;
    for (n = 1; n <= 10; n++) {
      d_phi_n = d_phi_n * d_phi;
      d_psi = d_psi + this.A[n] * d_phi_n;
    }
  
    // 2. Calculate theta
    var th_re = d_psi;
    var th_im = d_lambda;
  
    // 3. Calculate z
    var th_n_re = 1;
    var th_n_im = 0; // theta^0
    var th_n_re1;
    var th_n_im1;
  
    var z_re = 0;
    var z_im = 0;
    for (n = 1; n <= 6; n++) {
      th_n_re1 = th_n_re * th_re - th_n_im * th_im;
      th_n_im1 = th_n_im * th_re + th_n_re * th_im;
      th_n_re = th_n_re1;
      th_n_im = th_n_im1;
      z_re = z_re + this.B_re[n] * th_n_re - this.B_im[n] * th_n_im;
      z_im = z_im + this.B_im[n] * th_n_re + this.B_re[n] * th_n_im;
    }
  
    // 4. Calculate easting and northing
    p.x = (z_im * this.a) + this.x0;
    p.y = (z_re * this.a) + this.y0;
  
    return p;
  }
  
  /**
      New Zealand Map Grid Inverse  -  x/y to long/lat
    */
  function inverse$18(p) {
    var n;
    var x = p.x;
    var y = p.y;
  
    var delta_x = x - this.x0;
    var delta_y = y - this.y0;
  
    // 1. Calculate z
    var z_re = delta_y / this.a;
    var z_im = delta_x / this.a;
  
    // 2a. Calculate theta - first approximation gives km accuracy
    var z_n_re = 1;
    var z_n_im = 0; // z^0
    var z_n_re1;
    var z_n_im1;
  
    var th_re = 0;
    var th_im = 0;
    for (n = 1; n <= 6; n++) {
      z_n_re1 = z_n_re * z_re - z_n_im * z_im;
      z_n_im1 = z_n_im * z_re + z_n_re * z_im;
      z_n_re = z_n_re1;
      z_n_im = z_n_im1;
      th_re = th_re + this.C_re[n] * z_n_re - this.C_im[n] * z_n_im;
      th_im = th_im + this.C_im[n] * z_n_re + this.C_re[n] * z_n_im;
    }
  
    // 2b. Iterate to refine the accuracy of the calculation
    //        0 iterations gives km accuracy
    //        1 iteration gives m accuracy -- good enough for most mapping applications
    //        2 iterations bives mm accuracy
    for (var i = 0; i < this.iterations; i++) {
      var th_n_re = th_re;
      var th_n_im = th_im;
      var th_n_re1;
      var th_n_im1;
  
      var num_re = z_re;
      var num_im = z_im;
      for (n = 2; n <= 6; n++) {
        th_n_re1 = th_n_re * th_re - th_n_im * th_im;
        th_n_im1 = th_n_im * th_re + th_n_re * th_im;
        th_n_re = th_n_re1;
        th_n_im = th_n_im1;
        num_re = num_re + (n - 1) * (this.B_re[n] * th_n_re - this.B_im[n] * th_n_im);
        num_im = num_im + (n - 1) * (this.B_im[n] * th_n_re + this.B_re[n] * th_n_im);
      }
  
      th_n_re = 1;
      th_n_im = 0;
      var den_re = this.B_re[1];
      var den_im = this.B_im[1];
      for (n = 2; n <= 6; n++) {
        th_n_re1 = th_n_re * th_re - th_n_im * th_im;
        th_n_im1 = th_n_im * th_re + th_n_re * th_im;
        th_n_re = th_n_re1;
        th_n_im = th_n_im1;
        den_re = den_re + n * (this.B_re[n] * th_n_re - this.B_im[n] * th_n_im);
        den_im = den_im + n * (this.B_im[n] * th_n_re + this.B_re[n] * th_n_im);
      }
  
      // Complex division
      var den2 = den_re * den_re + den_im * den_im;
      th_re = (num_re * den_re + num_im * den_im) / den2;
      th_im = (num_im * den_re - num_re * den_im) / den2;
    }
  
    // 3. Calculate d_phi              ...                                    // and d_lambda
    var d_psi = th_re;
    var d_lambda = th_im;
    var d_psi_n = 1; // d_psi^0
  
    var d_phi = 0;
    for (n = 1; n <= 9; n++) {
      d_psi_n = d_psi_n * d_psi;
      d_phi = d_phi + this.D[n] * d_psi_n;
    }
  
    // 4. Calculate latitude and longitude
    // d_phi is calcuated in second of arc * 10^-5, so we need to scale back to radians. d_lambda is in radians.
    var lat = this.lat0 + (d_phi * SEC_TO_RAD * 1E5);
    var lon = this.long0 + d_lambda;
  
    p.x = lon;
    p.y = lat;
  
    return p;
  }
  
  var names$20 = ["New_Zealand_Map_Grid", "nzmg"];
  var nzmg = {
    init: init$19,
    forward: forward$18,
    inverse: inverse$18,
    names: names$20
  };
  
  /*
    reference
      "New Equal-Area Map Projections for Noncircular Regions", John P. Snyder,
      The American Cartographer, Vol 15, No. 4, October 1988, pp. 341-355.
    */
  
  
  /* Initialize the Miller Cylindrical projection
    -------------------------------------------*/
  function init$20() {
    //no-op
  }
  
  /* Miller Cylindrical forward equations--mapping lat,long to x,y
      ------------------------------------------------------------*/
  function forward$19(p) {
    var lon = p.x;
    var lat = p.y;
    /* Forward equations
        -----------------*/
    var dlon = adjust_lon(lon - this.long0);
    var x = this.x0 + this.a * dlon;
    var y = this.y0 + this.a * Math.log(Math.tan((Math.PI / 4) + (lat / 2.5))) * 1.25;
  
    p.x = x;
    p.y = y;
    return p;
  }
  
  /* Miller Cylindrical inverse equations--mapping x,y to lat/long
      ------------------------------------------------------------*/
  function inverse$19(p) {
    p.x -= this.x0;
    p.y -= this.y0;
  
    var lon = adjust_lon(this.long0 + p.x / this.a);
    var lat = 2.5 * (Math.atan(Math.exp(0.8 * p.y / this.a)) - Math.PI / 4);
  
    p.x = lon;
    p.y = lat;
    return p;
  }
  
  var names$21 = ["Miller_Cylindrical", "mill"];
  var mill = {
    init: init$20,
    forward: forward$19,
    inverse: inverse$19,
    names: names$21
  };
  
  var MAX_ITER$3 = 20;
  function init$21() {
    /* Place parameters in static storage for common use
      -------------------------------------------------*/
  
  
    if (!this.sphere) {
      this.en = pj_enfn(this.es);
    }
    else {
      this.n = 1;
      this.m = 0;
      this.es = 0;
      this.C_y = Math.sqrt((this.m + 1) / this.n);
      this.C_x = this.C_y / (this.m + 1);
    }
  
  }
  
  /* Sinusoidal forward equations--mapping lat,long to x,y
    -----------------------------------------------------*/
  function forward$20(p) {
    var x, y;
    var lon = p.x;
    var lat = p.y;
    /* Forward equations
      -----------------*/
    lon = adjust_lon(lon - this.long0);
  
    if (this.sphere) {
      if (!this.m) {
        lat = this.n !== 1 ? Math.asin(this.n * Math.sin(lat)) : lat;
      }
      else {
        var k = this.n * Math.sin(lat);
        for (var i = MAX_ITER$3; i; --i) {
          var V = (this.m * lat + Math.sin(lat) - k) / (this.m + Math.cos(lat));
          lat -= V;
          if (Math.abs(V) < EPSLN) {
            break;
          }
        }
      }
      x = this.a * this.C_x * lon * (this.m + Math.cos(lat));
      y = this.a * this.C_y * lat;
  
    }
    else {
  
      var s = Math.sin(lat);
      var c = Math.cos(lat);
      y = this.a * pj_mlfn(lat, s, c, this.en);
      x = this.a * lon * c / Math.sqrt(1 - this.es * s * s);
    }
  
    p.x = x;
    p.y = y;
    return p;
  }
  
  function inverse$20(p) {
    var lat, temp, lon, s;
  
    p.x -= this.x0;
    lon = p.x / this.a;
    p.y -= this.y0;
    lat = p.y / this.a;
  
    if (this.sphere) {
      lat /= this.C_y;
      lon = lon / (this.C_x * (this.m + Math.cos(lat)));
      if (this.m) {
        lat = asinz((this.m * lat + Math.sin(lat)) / this.n);
      }
      else if (this.n !== 1) {
        lat = asinz(Math.sin(lat) / this.n);
      }
      lon = adjust_lon(lon + this.long0);
      lat = adjust_lat(lat);
    }
    else {
      lat = pj_inv_mlfn(p.y / this.a, this.es, this.en);
      s = Math.abs(lat);
      if (s < HALF_PI) {
        s = Math.sin(lat);
        temp = this.long0 + p.x * Math.sqrt(1 - this.es * s * s) / (this.a * Math.cos(lat));
        //temp = this.long0 + p.x / (this.a * Math.cos(lat));
        lon = adjust_lon(temp);
      }
      else if ((s - EPSLN) < HALF_PI) {
        lon = this.long0;
      }
    }
    p.x = lon;
    p.y = lat;
    return p;
  }
  
  var names$22 = ["Sinusoidal", "sinu"];
  var sinu = {
    init: init$21,
    forward: forward$20,
    inverse: inverse$20,
    names: names$22
  };
  
  function init$22() {}
  /* Mollweide forward equations--mapping lat,long to x,y
      ----------------------------------------------------*/
  function forward$21(p) {
  
    /* Forward equations
        -----------------*/
    var lon = p.x;
    var lat = p.y;
  
    var delta_lon = adjust_lon(lon - this.long0);
    var theta = lat;
    var con = Math.PI * Math.sin(lat);
  
    /* Iterate using the Newton-Raphson method to find theta
        -----------------------------------------------------*/
    while (true) {
      var delta_theta = -(theta + Math.sin(theta) - con) / (1 + Math.cos(theta));
      theta += delta_theta;
      if (Math.abs(delta_theta) < EPSLN) {
        break;
      }
    }
    theta /= 2;
  
    /* If the latitude is 90 deg, force the x coordinate to be "0 + false easting"
         this is done here because of precision problems with "cos(theta)"
         --------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
    if (Math.PI / 2 - Math.abs(lat) < EPSLN) {
      delta_lon = 0;
    }
    var x = 0.900316316158 * this.a * delta_lon * Math.cos(theta) + this.x0;
    var y = 1.4142135623731 * this.a * Math.sin(theta) + this.y0;
  
    p.x = x;
    p.y = y;
    return p;
  }
  
  function inverse$21(p) {
    var theta;
    var arg;
  
    /* Inverse equations
        -----------------*/
    p.x -= this.x0;
    p.y -= this.y0;
    arg = p.y / (1.4142135623731 * this.a);
  
    /* Because of division by zero problems, 'arg' can not be 1.  Therefore
         a number very close to one is used instead.
         -------------------------------------------------------------------*/
    if (Math.abs(arg) > 0.999999999999) {
      arg = 0.999999999999;
    }
    theta = Math.asin(arg);
    var lon = adjust_lon(this.long0 + (p.x / (0.900316316158 * this.a * Math.cos(theta))));
    if (lon < (-Math.PI)) {
      lon = -Math.PI;
    }
    if (lon > Math.PI) {
      lon = Math.PI;
    }
    arg = (2 * theta + Math.sin(2 * theta)) / Math.PI;
    if (Math.abs(arg) > 1) {
      arg = 1;
    }
    var lat = Math.asin(arg);
  
    p.x = lon;
    p.y = lat;
    return p;
  }
  
  var names$23 = ["Mollweide", "moll"];
  var moll = {
    init: init$22,
    forward: forward$21,
    inverse: inverse$21,
    names: names$23
  };
  
  function init$23() {
  
    /* Place parameters in static storage for common use
        -------------------------------------------------*/
    // Standard Parallels cannot be equal and on opposite sides of the equator
    if (Math.abs(this.lat1 + this.lat2) < EPSLN) {
      return;
    }
    this.lat2 = this.lat2 || this.lat1;
    this.temp = this.b / this.a;
    this.es = 1 - Math.pow(this.temp, 2);
    this.e = Math.sqrt(this.es);
    this.e0 = e0fn(this.es);
    this.e1 = e1fn(this.es);
    this.e2 = e2fn(this.es);
    this.e3 = e3fn(this.es);
  
    this.sinphi = Math.sin(this.lat1);
    this.cosphi = Math.cos(this.lat1);
  
    this.ms1 = msfnz(this.e, this.sinphi, this.cosphi);
    this.ml1 = mlfn(this.e0, this.e1, this.e2, this.e3, this.lat1);
  
    if (Math.abs(this.lat1 - this.lat2) < EPSLN) {
      this.ns = this.sinphi;
    }
    else {
      this.sinphi = Math.sin(this.lat2);
      this.cosphi = Math.cos(this.lat2);
      this.ms2 = msfnz(this.e, this.sinphi, this.cosphi);
      this.ml2 = mlfn(this.e0, this.e1, this.e2, this.e3, this.lat2);
      this.ns = (this.ms1 - this.ms2) / (this.ml2 - this.ml1);
    }
    this.g = this.ml1 + this.ms1 / this.ns;
    this.ml0 = mlfn(this.e0, this.e1, this.e2, this.e3, this.lat0);
    this.rh = this.a * (this.g - this.ml0);
  }
  
  /* Equidistant Conic forward equations--mapping lat,long to x,y
    -----------------------------------------------------------*/
  function forward$22(p) {
    var lon = p.x;
    var lat = p.y;
    var rh1;
  
    /* Forward equations
        -----------------*/
    if (this.sphere) {
      rh1 = this.a * (this.g - lat);
    }
    else {
      var ml = mlfn(this.e0, this.e1, this.e2, this.e3, lat);
      rh1 = this.a * (this.g - ml);
    }
    var theta = this.ns * adjust_lon(lon - this.long0);
    var x = this.x0 + rh1 * Math.sin(theta);
    var y = this.y0 + this.rh - rh1 * Math.cos(theta);
    p.x = x;
    p.y = y;
    return p;
  }
  
  /* Inverse equations
    -----------------*/
  function inverse$22(p) {
    p.x -= this.x0;
    p.y = this.rh - p.y + this.y0;
    var con, rh1, lat, lon;
    if (this.ns >= 0) {
      rh1 = Math.sqrt(p.x * p.x + p.y * p.y);
      con = 1;
    }
    else {
      rh1 = -Math.sqrt(p.x * p.x + p.y * p.y);
      con = -1;
    }
    var theta = 0;
    if (rh1 !== 0) {
      theta = Math.atan2(con * p.x, con * p.y);
    }
  
    if (this.sphere) {
      lon = adjust_lon(this.long0 + theta / this.ns);
      lat = adjust_lat(this.g - rh1 / this.a);
      p.x = lon;
      p.y = lat;
      return p;
    }
    else {
      var ml = this.g - rh1 / this.a;
      lat = imlfn(ml, this.e0, this.e1, this.e2, this.e3);
      lon = adjust_lon(this.long0 + theta / this.ns);
      p.x = lon;
      p.y = lat;
      return p;
    }
  
  }
  
  var names$24 = ["Equidistant_Conic", "eqdc"];
  var eqdc = {
    init: init$23,
    forward: forward$22,
    inverse: inverse$22,
    names: names$24
  };
  
  /* Initialize the Van Der Grinten projection
    ----------------------------------------*/
  function init$24() {
    //this.R = 6370997; //Radius of earth
    this.R = this.a;
  }
  
  function forward$23(p) {
  
    var lon = p.x;
    var lat = p.y;
  
    /* Forward equations
      -----------------*/
    var dlon = adjust_lon(lon - this.long0);
    var x, y;
  
    if (Math.abs(lat) <= EPSLN) {
      x = this.x0 + this.R * dlon;
      y = this.y0;
    }
    var theta = asinz(2 * Math.abs(lat / Math.PI));
    if ((Math.abs(dlon) <= EPSLN) || (Math.abs(Math.abs(lat) - HALF_PI) <= EPSLN)) {
      x = this.x0;
      if (lat >= 0) {
        y = this.y0 + Math.PI * this.R * Math.tan(0.5 * theta);
      }
      else {
        y = this.y0 + Math.PI * this.R * -Math.tan(0.5 * theta);
      }
      //  return(OK);
    }
    var al = 0.5 * Math.abs((Math.PI / dlon) - (dlon / Math.PI));
    var asq = al * al;
    var sinth = Math.sin(theta);
    var costh = Math.cos(theta);
  
    var g = costh / (sinth + costh - 1);
    var gsq = g * g;
    var m = g * (2 / sinth - 1);
    var msq = m * m;
    var con = Math.PI * this.R * (al * (g - msq) + Math.sqrt(asq * (g - msq) * (g - msq) - (msq + asq) * (gsq - msq))) / (msq + asq);
    if (dlon < 0) {
      con = -con;
    }
    x = this.x0 + con;
    //con = Math.abs(con / (Math.PI * this.R));
    var q = asq + g;
    con = Math.PI * this.R * (m * q - al * Math.sqrt((msq + asq) * (asq + 1) - q * q)) / (msq + asq);
    if (lat >= 0) {
      //y = this.y0 + Math.PI * this.R * Math.sqrt(1 - con * con - 2 * al * con);
      y = this.y0 + con;
    }
    else {
      //y = this.y0 - Math.PI * this.R * Math.sqrt(1 - con * con - 2 * al * con);
      y = this.y0 - con;
    }
    p.x = x;
    p.y = y;
    return p;
  }
  
  /* Van Der Grinten inverse equations--mapping x,y to lat/long
    ---------------------------------------------------------*/
  function inverse$23(p) {
    var lon, lat;
    var xx, yy, xys, c1, c2, c3;
    var a1;
    var m1;
    var con;
    var th1;
    var d;
  
    /* inverse equations
      -----------------*/
    p.x -= this.x0;
    p.y -= this.y0;
    con = Math.PI * this.R;
    xx = p.x / con;
    yy = p.y / con;
    xys = xx * xx + yy * yy;
    c1 = -Math.abs(yy) * (1 + xys);
    c2 = c1 - 2 * yy * yy + xx * xx;
    c3 = -2 * c1 + 1 + 2 * yy * yy + xys * xys;
    d = yy * yy / c3 + (2 * c2 * c2 * c2 / c3 / c3 / c3 - 9 * c1 * c2 / c3 / c3) / 27;
    a1 = (c1 - c2 * c2 / 3 / c3) / c3;
    m1 = 2 * Math.sqrt(-a1 / 3);
    con = ((3 * d) / a1) / m1;
    if (Math.abs(con) > 1) {
      if (con >= 0) {
        con = 1;
      }
      else {
        con = -1;
      }
    }
    th1 = Math.acos(con) / 3;
    if (p.y >= 0) {
      lat = (-m1 * Math.cos(th1 + Math.PI / 3) - c2 / 3 / c3) * Math.PI;
    }
    else {
      lat = -(-m1 * Math.cos(th1 + Math.PI / 3) - c2 / 3 / c3) * Math.PI;
    }
  
    if (Math.abs(xx) < EPSLN) {
      lon = this.long0;
    }
    else {
      lon = adjust_lon(this.long0 + Math.PI * (xys - 1 + Math.sqrt(1 + 2 * (xx * xx - yy * yy) + xys * xys)) / 2 / xx);
    }
  
    p.x = lon;
    p.y = lat;
    return p;
  }
  
  var names$25 = ["Van_der_Grinten_I", "VanDerGrinten", "vandg"];
  var vandg = {
    init: init$24,
    forward: forward$23,
    inverse: inverse$23,
    names: names$25
  };
  
  function init$25() {
    this.sin_p12 = Math.sin(this.lat0);
    this.cos_p12 = Math.cos(this.lat0);
  }
  
  function forward$24(p) {
    var lon = p.x;
    var lat = p.y;
    var sinphi = Math.sin(p.y);
    var cosphi = Math.cos(p.y);
    var dlon = adjust_lon(lon - this.long0);
    var e0, e1, e2, e3, Mlp, Ml, tanphi, Nl1, Nl, psi, Az, G, H, GH, Hs, c, kp, cos_c, s, s2, s3, s4, s5;
    if (this.sphere) {
      if (Math.abs(this.sin_p12 - 1) <= EPSLN) {
        //North Pole case
        p.x = this.x0 + this.a * (HALF_PI - lat) * Math.sin(dlon);
        p.y = this.y0 - this.a * (HALF_PI - lat) * Math.cos(dlon);
        return p;
      }
      else if (Math.abs(this.sin_p12 + 1) <= EPSLN) {
        //South Pole case
        p.x = this.x0 + this.a * (HALF_PI + lat) * Math.sin(dlon);
        p.y = this.y0 + this.a * (HALF_PI + lat) * Math.cos(dlon);
        return p;
      }
      else {
        //default case
        cos_c = this.sin_p12 * sinphi + this.cos_p12 * cosphi * Math.cos(dlon);
        c = Math.acos(cos_c);
        kp = c ? c / Math.sin(c) : 1;
        p.x = this.x0 + this.a * kp * cosphi * Math.sin(dlon);
        p.y = this.y0 + this.a * kp * (this.cos_p12 * sinphi - this.sin_p12 * cosphi * Math.cos(dlon));
        return p;
      }
    }
    else {
      e0 = e0fn(this.es);
      e1 = e1fn(this.es);
      e2 = e2fn(this.es);
      e3 = e3fn(this.es);
      if (Math.abs(this.sin_p12 - 1) <= EPSLN) {
        //North Pole case
        Mlp = this.a * mlfn(e0, e1, e2, e3, HALF_PI);
        Ml = this.a * mlfn(e0, e1, e2, e3, lat);
        p.x = this.x0 + (Mlp - Ml) * Math.sin(dlon);
        p.y = this.y0 - (Mlp - Ml) * Math.cos(dlon);
        return p;
      }
      else if (Math.abs(this.sin_p12 + 1) <= EPSLN) {
        //South Pole case
        Mlp = this.a * mlfn(e0, e1, e2, e3, HALF_PI);
        Ml = this.a * mlfn(e0, e1, e2, e3, lat);
        p.x = this.x0 + (Mlp + Ml) * Math.sin(dlon);
        p.y = this.y0 + (Mlp + Ml) * Math.cos(dlon);
        return p;
      }
      else {
        //Default case
        tanphi = sinphi / cosphi;
        Nl1 = gN(this.a, this.e, this.sin_p12);
        Nl = gN(this.a, this.e, sinphi);
        psi = Math.atan((1 - this.es) * tanphi + this.es * Nl1 * this.sin_p12 / (Nl * cosphi));
        Az = Math.atan2(Math.sin(dlon), this.cos_p12 * Math.tan(psi) - this.sin_p12 * Math.cos(dlon));
        if (Az === 0) {
          s = Math.asin(this.cos_p12 * Math.sin(psi) - this.sin_p12 * Math.cos(psi));
        }
        else if (Math.abs(Math.abs(Az) - Math.PI) <= EPSLN) {
          s = -Math.asin(this.cos_p12 * Math.sin(psi) - this.sin_p12 * Math.cos(psi));
        }
        else {
          s = Math.asin(Math.sin(dlon) * Math.cos(psi) / Math.sin(Az));
        }
        G = this.e * this.sin_p12 / Math.sqrt(1 - this.es);
        H = this.e * this.cos_p12 * Math.cos(Az) / Math.sqrt(1 - this.es);
        GH = G * H;
        Hs = H * H;
        s2 = s * s;
        s3 = s2 * s;
        s4 = s3 * s;
        s5 = s4 * s;
        c = Nl1 * s * (1 - s2 * Hs * (1 - Hs) / 6 + s3 / 8 * GH * (1 - 2 * Hs) + s4 / 120 * (Hs * (4 - 7 * Hs) - 3 * G * G * (1 - 7 * Hs)) - s5 / 48 * GH);
        p.x = this.x0 + c * Math.sin(Az);
        p.y = this.y0 + c * Math.cos(Az);
        return p;
      }
    }
  
  
  }
  
  function inverse$24(p) {
    p.x -= this.x0;
    p.y -= this.y0;
    var rh, z, sinz, cosz, lon, lat, con, e0, e1, e2, e3, Mlp, M, N1, psi, Az, cosAz, tmp, A, B, D, Ee, F, sinpsi;
    if (this.sphere) {
      rh = Math.sqrt(p.x * p.x + p.y * p.y);
      if (rh > (2 * HALF_PI * this.a)) {
        return;
      }
      z = rh / this.a;
  
      sinz = Math.sin(z);
      cosz = Math.cos(z);
  
      lon = this.long0;
      if (Math.abs(rh) <= EPSLN) {
        lat = this.lat0;
      }
      else {
        lat = asinz(cosz * this.sin_p12 + (p.y * sinz * this.cos_p12) / rh);
        con = Math.abs(this.lat0) - HALF_PI;
        if (Math.abs(con) <= EPSLN) {
          if (this.lat0 >= 0) {
            lon = adjust_lon(this.long0 + Math.atan2(p.x, - p.y));
          }
          else {
            lon = adjust_lon(this.long0 - Math.atan2(-p.x, p.y));
          }
        }
        else {
          /*con = cosz - this.sin_p12 * Math.sin(lat);
          if ((Math.abs(con) < EPSLN) && (Math.abs(p.x) < EPSLN)) {
            //no-op, just keep the lon value as is
          } else {
            var temp = Math.atan2((p.x * sinz * this.cos_p12), (con * rh));
            lon = adjust_lon(this.long0 + Math.atan2((p.x * sinz * this.cos_p12), (con * rh)));
          }*/
          lon = adjust_lon(this.long0 + Math.atan2(p.x * sinz, rh * this.cos_p12 * cosz - p.y * this.sin_p12 * sinz));
        }
      }
  
      p.x = lon;
      p.y = lat;
      return p;
    }
    else {
      e0 = e0fn(this.es);
      e1 = e1fn(this.es);
      e2 = e2fn(this.es);
      e3 = e3fn(this.es);
      if (Math.abs(this.sin_p12 - 1) <= EPSLN) {
        //North pole case
        Mlp = this.a * mlfn(e0, e1, e2, e3, HALF_PI);
        rh = Math.sqrt(p.x * p.x + p.y * p.y);
        M = Mlp - rh;
        lat = imlfn(M / this.a, e0, e1, e2, e3);
        lon = adjust_lon(this.long0 + Math.atan2(p.x, - 1 * p.y));
        p.x = lon;
        p.y = lat;
        return p;
      }
      else if (Math.abs(this.sin_p12 + 1) <= EPSLN) {
        //South pole case
        Mlp = this.a * mlfn(e0, e1, e2, e3, HALF_PI);
        rh = Math.sqrt(p.x * p.x + p.y * p.y);
        M = rh - Mlp;
  
        lat = imlfn(M / this.a, e0, e1, e2, e3);
        lon = adjust_lon(this.long0 + Math.atan2(p.x, p.y));
        p.x = lon;
        p.y = lat;
        return p;
      }
      else {
        //default case
        rh = Math.sqrt(p.x * p.x + p.y * p.y);
        Az = Math.atan2(p.x, p.y);
        N1 = gN(this.a, this.e, this.sin_p12);
        cosAz = Math.cos(Az);
        tmp = this.e * this.cos_p12 * cosAz;
        A = -tmp * tmp / (1 - this.es);
        B = 3 * this.es * (1 - A) * this.sin_p12 * this.cos_p12 * cosAz / (1 - this.es);
        D = rh / N1;
        Ee = D - A * (1 + A) * Math.pow(D, 3) / 6 - B * (1 + 3 * A) * Math.pow(D, 4) / 24;
        F = 1 - A * Ee * Ee / 2 - D * Ee * Ee * Ee / 6;
        psi = Math.asin(this.sin_p12 * Math.cos(Ee) + this.cos_p12 * Math.sin(Ee) * cosAz);
        lon = adjust_lon(this.long0 + Math.asin(Math.sin(Az) * Math.sin(Ee) / Math.cos(psi)));
        sinpsi = Math.sin(psi);
        lat = Math.atan2((sinpsi - this.es * F * this.sin_p12) * Math.tan(psi), sinpsi * (1 - this.es));
        p.x = lon;
        p.y = lat;
        return p;
      }
    }
  
  }
  
  var names$26 = ["Azimuthal_Equidistant", "aeqd"];
  var aeqd = {
    init: init$25,
    forward: forward$24,
    inverse: inverse$24,
    names: names$26
  };
  
  function init$26() {
    //double temp;      /* temporary variable    */
  
    /* Place parameters in static storage for common use
        -------------------------------------------------*/
    this.sin_p14 = Math.sin(this.lat0);
    this.cos_p14 = Math.cos(this.lat0);
  }
  
  /* Orthographic forward equations--mapping lat,long to x,y
      ---------------------------------------------------*/
  function forward$25(p) {
    var sinphi, cosphi; /* sin and cos value        */
    var dlon; /* delta longitude value      */
    var coslon; /* cos of longitude        */
    var ksp; /* scale factor          */
    var g, x, y;
    var lon = p.x;
    var lat = p.y;
    /* Forward equations
        -----------------*/
    dlon = adjust_lon(lon - this.long0);
  
    sinphi = Math.sin(lat);
    cosphi = Math.cos(lat);
  
    coslon = Math.cos(dlon);
    g = this.sin_p14 * sinphi + this.cos_p14 * cosphi * coslon;
    ksp = 1;
    if ((g > 0) || (Math.abs(g) <= EPSLN)) {
      x = this.a * ksp * cosphi * Math.sin(dlon);
      y = this.y0 + this.a * ksp * (this.cos_p14 * sinphi - this.sin_p14 * cosphi * coslon);
    }
    p.x = x;
    p.y = y;
    return p;
  }
  
  function inverse$25(p) {
    var rh; /* height above ellipsoid      */
    var z; /* angle          */
    var sinz, cosz; /* sin of z and cos of z      */
    var con;
    var lon, lat;
    /* Inverse equations
        -----------------*/
    p.x -= this.x0;
    p.y -= this.y0;
    rh = Math.sqrt(p.x * p.x + p.y * p.y);
    z = asinz(rh / this.a);
  
    sinz = Math.sin(z);
    cosz = Math.cos(z);
  
    lon = this.long0;
    if (Math.abs(rh) <= EPSLN) {
      lat = this.lat0;
      p.x = lon;
      p.y = lat;
      return p;
    }
    lat = asinz(cosz * this.sin_p14 + (p.y * sinz * this.cos_p14) / rh);
    con = Math.abs(this.lat0) - HALF_PI;
    if (Math.abs(con) <= EPSLN) {
      if (this.lat0 >= 0) {
        lon = adjust_lon(this.long0 + Math.atan2(p.x, - p.y));
      }
      else {
        lon = adjust_lon(this.long0 - Math.atan2(-p.x, p.y));
      }
      p.x = lon;
      p.y = lat;
      return p;
    }
    lon = adjust_lon(this.long0 + Math.atan2((p.x * sinz), rh * this.cos_p14 * cosz - p.y * this.sin_p14 * sinz));
    p.x = lon;
    p.y = lat;
    return p;
  }
  
  var names$27 = ["ortho"];
  var ortho = {
    init: init$26,
    forward: forward$25,
    inverse: inverse$25,
    names: names$27
  };
  
  // QSC projection rewritten from the original PROJ4
  // https://github.com/OSGeo/proj.4/blob/master/src/PJ_qsc.c
  
  /* constants */
  var FACE_ENUM = {
      FRONT: 1,
      RIGHT: 2,
      BACK: 3,
      LEFT: 4,
      TOP: 5,
      BOTTOM: 6
  };
  
  var AREA_ENUM = {
      AREA_0: 1,
      AREA_1: 2,
      AREA_2: 3,
      AREA_3: 4
  };
  
  function init$27() {
  
    this.x0 = this.x0 || 0;
    this.y0 = this.y0 || 0;
    this.lat0 = this.lat0 || 0;
    this.long0 = this.long0 || 0;
    this.lat_ts = this.lat_ts || 0;
    this.title = this.title || "Quadrilateralized Spherical Cube";
  
    /* Determine the cube face from the center of projection. */
    if (this.lat0 >= HALF_PI - FORTPI / 2.0) {
      this.face = FACE_ENUM.TOP;
    } else if (this.lat0 <= -(HALF_PI - FORTPI / 2.0)) {
      this.face = FACE_ENUM.BOTTOM;
    } else if (Math.abs(this.long0) <= FORTPI) {
      this.face = FACE_ENUM.FRONT;
    } else if (Math.abs(this.long0) <= HALF_PI + FORTPI) {
      this.face = this.long0 > 0.0 ? FACE_ENUM.RIGHT : FACE_ENUM.LEFT;
    } else {
      this.face = FACE_ENUM.BACK;
    }
  
    /* Fill in useful values for the ellipsoid <-> sphere shift
     * described in [LK12]. */
    if (this.es !== 0) {
      this.one_minus_f = 1 - (this.a - this.b) / this.a;
      this.one_minus_f_squared = this.one_minus_f * this.one_minus_f;
    }
  }
  
  // QSC forward equations--mapping lat,long to x,y
  // -----------------------------------------------------------------
  function forward$26(p) {
    var xy = {x: 0, y: 0};
    var lat, lon;
    var theta, phi;
    var t, mu;
    /* nu; */
    var area = {value: 0};
  
    // move lon according to projection's lon
    p.x -= this.long0;
  
    /* Convert the geodetic latitude to a geocentric latitude.
     * This corresponds to the shift from the ellipsoid to the sphere
     * described in [LK12]. */
    if (this.es !== 0) {//if (P->es != 0) {
      lat = Math.atan(this.one_minus_f_squared * Math.tan(p.y));
    } else {
      lat = p.y;
    }
  
    /* Convert the input lat, lon into theta, phi as used by QSC.
     * This depends on the cube face and the area on it.
     * For the top and bottom face, we can compute theta and phi
     * directly from phi, lam. For the other faces, we must use
     * unit sphere cartesian coordinates as an intermediate step. */
    lon = p.x; //lon = lp.lam;
    if (this.face === FACE_ENUM.TOP) {
      phi = HALF_PI - lat;
      if (lon >= FORTPI && lon <= HALF_PI + FORTPI) {
        area.value = AREA_ENUM.AREA_0;
        theta = lon - HALF_PI;
      } else if (lon > HALF_PI + FORTPI || lon <= -(HALF_PI + FORTPI)) {
        area.value = AREA_ENUM.AREA_1;
        theta = (lon > 0.0 ? lon - SPI : lon + SPI);
      } else if (lon > -(HALF_PI + FORTPI) && lon <= -FORTPI) {
        area.value = AREA_ENUM.AREA_2;
        theta = lon + HALF_PI;
      } else {
        area.value = AREA_ENUM.AREA_3;
        theta = lon;
      }
    } else if (this.face === FACE_ENUM.BOTTOM) {
      phi = HALF_PI + lat;
      if (lon >= FORTPI && lon <= HALF_PI + FORTPI) {
        area.value = AREA_ENUM.AREA_0;
        theta = -lon + HALF_PI;
      } else if (lon < FORTPI && lon >= -FORTPI) {
        area.value = AREA_ENUM.AREA_1;
        theta = -lon;
      } else if (lon < -FORTPI && lon >= -(HALF_PI + FORTPI)) {
        area.value = AREA_ENUM.AREA_2;
        theta = -lon - HALF_PI;
      } else {
        area.value = AREA_ENUM.AREA_3;
        theta = (lon > 0.0 ? -lon + SPI : -lon - SPI);
      }
    } else {
      var q, r, s;
      var sinlat, coslat;
      var sinlon, coslon;
  
      if (this.face === FACE_ENUM.RIGHT) {
        lon = qsc_shift_lon_origin(lon, +HALF_PI);
      } else if (this.face === FACE_ENUM.BACK) {
        lon = qsc_shift_lon_origin(lon, +SPI);
      } else if (this.face === FACE_ENUM.LEFT) {
        lon = qsc_shift_lon_origin(lon, -HALF_PI);
      }
      sinlat = Math.sin(lat);
      coslat = Math.cos(lat);
      sinlon = Math.sin(lon);
      coslon = Math.cos(lon);
      q = coslat * coslon;
      r = coslat * sinlon;
      s = sinlat;
  
      if (this.face === FACE_ENUM.FRONT) {
        phi = Math.acos(q);
        theta = qsc_fwd_equat_face_theta(phi, s, r, area);
      } else if (this.face === FACE_ENUM.RIGHT) {
        phi = Math.acos(r);
        theta = qsc_fwd_equat_face_theta(phi, s, -q, area);
      } else if (this.face === FACE_ENUM.BACK) {
        phi = Math.acos(-q);
        theta = qsc_fwd_equat_face_theta(phi, s, -r, area);
      } else if (this.face === FACE_ENUM.LEFT) {
        phi = Math.acos(-r);
        theta = qsc_fwd_equat_face_theta(phi, s, q, area);
      } else {
        /* Impossible */
        phi = theta = 0;
        area.value = AREA_ENUM.AREA_0;
      }
    }
  
    /* Compute mu and nu for the area of definition.
     * For mu, see Eq. (3-21) in [OL76], but note the typos:
     * compare with Eq. (3-14). For nu, see Eq. (3-38). */
    mu = Math.atan((12 / SPI) * (theta + Math.acos(Math.sin(theta) * Math.cos(FORTPI)) - HALF_PI));
    t = Math.sqrt((1 - Math.cos(phi)) / (Math.cos(mu) * Math.cos(mu)) / (1 - Math.cos(Math.atan(1 / Math.cos(theta)))));
  
    /* Apply the result to the real area. */
    if (area.value === AREA_ENUM.AREA_1) {
      mu += HALF_PI;
    } else if (area.value === AREA_ENUM.AREA_2) {
      mu += SPI;
    } else if (area.value === AREA_ENUM.AREA_3) {
      mu += 1.5 * SPI;
    }
  
    /* Now compute x, y from mu and nu */
    xy.x = t * Math.cos(mu);
    xy.y = t * Math.sin(mu);
    xy.x = xy.x * this.a + this.x0;
    xy.y = xy.y * this.a + this.y0;
  
    p.x = xy.x;
    p.y = xy.y;
    return p;
  }
  
  // QSC inverse equations--mapping x,y to lat/long
  // -----------------------------------------------------------------
  function inverse$26(p) {
    var lp = {lam: 0, phi: 0};
    var mu, nu, cosmu, tannu;
    var tantheta, theta, cosphi, phi;
    var t;
    var area = {value: 0};
  
    /* de-offset */
    p.x = (p.x - this.x0) / this.a;
    p.y = (p.y - this.y0) / this.a;
  
    /* Convert the input x, y to the mu and nu angles as used by QSC.
     * This depends on the area of the cube face. */
    nu = Math.atan(Math.sqrt(p.x * p.x + p.y * p.y));
    mu = Math.atan2(p.y, p.x);
    if (p.x >= 0.0 && p.x >= Math.abs(p.y)) {
      area.value = AREA_ENUM.AREA_0;
    } else if (p.y >= 0.0 && p.y >= Math.abs(p.x)) {
      area.value = AREA_ENUM.AREA_1;
      mu -= HALF_PI;
    } else if (p.x < 0.0 && -p.x >= Math.abs(p.y)) {
      area.value = AREA_ENUM.AREA_2;
      mu = (mu < 0.0 ? mu + SPI : mu - SPI);
    } else {
      area.value = AREA_ENUM.AREA_3;
      mu += HALF_PI;
    }
  
    /* Compute phi and theta for the area of definition.
     * The inverse projection is not described in the original paper, but some
     * good hints can be found here (as of 2011-12-14):
     * http://fits.gsfc.nasa.gov/fitsbits/saf.93/saf.9302
     * (search for "Message-Id: <9302181759.AA25477 at fits.cv.nrao.edu>") */
    t = (SPI / 12) * Math.tan(mu);
    tantheta = Math.sin(t) / (Math.cos(t) - (1 / Math.sqrt(2)));
    theta = Math.atan(tantheta);
    cosmu = Math.cos(mu);
    tannu = Math.tan(nu);
    cosphi = 1 - cosmu * cosmu * tannu * tannu * (1 - Math.cos(Math.atan(1 / Math.cos(theta))));
    if (cosphi < -1) {
      cosphi = -1;
    } else if (cosphi > +1) {
      cosphi = +1;
    }
  
    /* Apply the result to the real area on the cube face.
     * For the top and bottom face, we can compute phi and lam directly.
     * For the other faces, we must use unit sphere cartesian coordinates
     * as an intermediate step. */
    if (this.face === FACE_ENUM.TOP) {
      phi = Math.acos(cosphi);
      lp.phi = HALF_PI - phi;
      if (area.value === AREA_ENUM.AREA_0) {
        lp.lam = theta + HALF_PI;
      } else if (area.value === AREA_ENUM.AREA_1) {
        lp.lam = (theta < 0.0 ? theta + SPI : theta - SPI);
      } else if (area.value === AREA_ENUM.AREA_2) {
        lp.lam = theta - HALF_PI;
      } else /* area.value == AREA_ENUM.AREA_3 */ {
        lp.lam = theta;
      }
    } else if (this.face === FACE_ENUM.BOTTOM) {
      phi = Math.acos(cosphi);
      lp.phi = phi - HALF_PI;
      if (area.value === AREA_ENUM.AREA_0) {
        lp.lam = -theta + HALF_PI;
      } else if (area.value === AREA_ENUM.AREA_1) {
        lp.lam = -theta;
      } else if (area.value === AREA_ENUM.AREA_2) {
        lp.lam = -theta - HALF_PI;
      } else /* area.value == AREA_ENUM.AREA_3 */ {
        lp.lam = (theta < 0.0 ? -theta - SPI : -theta + SPI);
      }
    } else {
      /* Compute phi and lam via cartesian unit sphere coordinates. */
      var q, r, s;
      q = cosphi;
      t = q * q;
      if (t >= 1) {
        s = 0;
      } else {
        s = Math.sqrt(1 - t) * Math.sin(theta);
      }
      t += s * s;
      if (t >= 1) {
        r = 0;
      } else {
        r = Math.sqrt(1 - t);
      }
      /* Rotate q,r,s into the correct area. */
      if (area.value === AREA_ENUM.AREA_1) {
        t = r;
        r = -s;
        s = t;
      } else if (area.value === AREA_ENUM.AREA_2) {
        r = -r;
        s = -s;
      } else if (area.value === AREA_ENUM.AREA_3) {
        t = r;
        r = s;
        s = -t;
      }
      /* Rotate q,r,s into the correct cube face. */
      if (this.face === FACE_ENUM.RIGHT) {
        t = q;
        q = -r;
        r = t;
      } else if (this.face === FACE_ENUM.BACK) {
        q = -q;
        r = -r;
      } else if (this.face === FACE_ENUM.LEFT) {
        t = q;
        q = r;
        r = -t;
      }
      /* Now compute phi and lam from the unit sphere coordinates. */
      lp.phi = Math.acos(-s) - HALF_PI;
      lp.lam = Math.atan2(r, q);
      if (this.face === FACE_ENUM.RIGHT) {
        lp.lam = qsc_shift_lon_origin(lp.lam, -HALF_PI);
      } else if (this.face === FACE_ENUM.BACK) {
        lp.lam = qsc_shift_lon_origin(lp.lam, -SPI);
      } else if (this.face === FACE_ENUM.LEFT) {
        lp.lam = qsc_shift_lon_origin(lp.lam, +HALF_PI);
      }
    }
  
    /* Apply the shift from the sphere to the ellipsoid as described
     * in [LK12]. */
    if (this.es !== 0) {
      var invert_sign;
      var tanphi, xa;
      invert_sign = (lp.phi < 0 ? 1 : 0);
      tanphi = Math.tan(lp.phi);
      xa = this.b / Math.sqrt(tanphi * tanphi + this.one_minus_f_squared);
      lp.phi = Math.atan(Math.sqrt(this.a * this.a - xa * xa) / (this.one_minus_f * xa));
      if (invert_sign) {
        lp.phi = -lp.phi;
      }
    }
  
    lp.lam += this.long0;
    p.x = lp.lam;
    p.y = lp.phi;
    return p;
  }
  
  /* Helper function for forward projection: compute the theta angle
   * and determine the area number. */
  function qsc_fwd_equat_face_theta(phi, y, x, area) {
    var theta;
    if (phi < EPSLN) {
      area.value = AREA_ENUM.AREA_0;
      theta = 0.0;
    } else {
      theta = Math.atan2(y, x);
      if (Math.abs(theta) <= FORTPI) {
        area.value = AREA_ENUM.AREA_0;
      } else if (theta > FORTPI && theta <= HALF_PI + FORTPI) {
        area.value = AREA_ENUM.AREA_1;
        theta -= HALF_PI;
      } else if (theta > HALF_PI + FORTPI || theta <= -(HALF_PI + FORTPI)) {
        area.value = AREA_ENUM.AREA_2;
        theta = (theta >= 0.0 ? theta - SPI : theta + SPI);
      } else {
        area.value = AREA_ENUM.AREA_3;
        theta += HALF_PI;
      }
    }
    return theta;
  }
  
  /* Helper function: shift the longitude. */
  function qsc_shift_lon_origin(lon, offset) {
    var slon = lon + offset;
    if (slon < -SPI) {
      slon += TWO_PI;
    } else if (slon > +SPI) {
      slon -= TWO_PI;
    }
    return slon;
  }
  
  var names$28 = ["Quadrilateralized Spherical Cube", "Quadrilateralized_Spherical_Cube", "qsc"];
  var qsc = {
    init: init$27,
    forward: forward$26,
    inverse: inverse$26,
    names: names$28
  };
  
  // Robinson projection
  // Based on https://github.com/OSGeo/proj.4/blob/master/src/PJ_robin.c
  // Polynomial coeficients from http://article.gmane.org/gmane.comp.gis.proj-4.devel/6039
  
  var COEFS_X = [
      [1.0000, 2.2199e-17, -7.15515e-05, 3.1103e-06],
      [0.9986, -0.000482243, -2.4897e-05, -1.3309e-06],
      [0.9954, -0.00083103, -4.48605e-05, -9.86701e-07],
      [0.9900, -0.00135364, -5.9661e-05, 3.6777e-06],
      [0.9822, -0.00167442, -4.49547e-06, -5.72411e-06],
      [0.9730, -0.00214868, -9.03571e-05, 1.8736e-08],
      [0.9600, -0.00305085, -9.00761e-05, 1.64917e-06],
      [0.9427, -0.00382792, -6.53386e-05, -2.6154e-06],
      [0.9216, -0.00467746, -0.00010457, 4.81243e-06],
      [0.8962, -0.00536223, -3.23831e-05, -5.43432e-06],
      [0.8679, -0.00609363, -0.000113898, 3.32484e-06],
      [0.8350, -0.00698325, -6.40253e-05, 9.34959e-07],
      [0.7986, -0.00755338, -5.00009e-05, 9.35324e-07],
      [0.7597, -0.00798324, -3.5971e-05, -2.27626e-06],
      [0.7186, -0.00851367, -7.01149e-05, -8.6303e-06],
      [0.6732, -0.00986209, -0.000199569, 1.91974e-05],
      [0.6213, -0.010418, 8.83923e-05, 6.24051e-06],
      [0.5722, -0.00906601, 0.000182, 6.24051e-06],
      [0.5322, -0.00677797, 0.000275608, 6.24051e-06]
  ];
  
  var COEFS_Y = [
      [-5.20417e-18, 0.0124, 1.21431e-18, -8.45284e-11],
      [0.0620, 0.0124, -1.26793e-09, 4.22642e-10],
      [0.1240, 0.0124, 5.07171e-09, -1.60604e-09],
      [0.1860, 0.0123999, -1.90189e-08, 6.00152e-09],
      [0.2480, 0.0124002, 7.10039e-08, -2.24e-08],
      [0.3100, 0.0123992, -2.64997e-07, 8.35986e-08],
      [0.3720, 0.0124029, 9.88983e-07, -3.11994e-07],
      [0.4340, 0.0123893, -3.69093e-06, -4.35621e-07],
      [0.4958, 0.0123198, -1.02252e-05, -3.45523e-07],
      [0.5571, 0.0121916, -1.54081e-05, -5.82288e-07],
      [0.6176, 0.0119938, -2.41424e-05, -5.25327e-07],
      [0.6769, 0.011713, -3.20223e-05, -5.16405e-07],
      [0.7346, 0.0113541, -3.97684e-05, -6.09052e-07],
      [0.7903, 0.0109107, -4.89042e-05, -1.04739e-06],
      [0.8435, 0.0103431, -6.4615e-05, -1.40374e-09],
      [0.8936, 0.00969686, -6.4636e-05, -8.547e-06],
      [0.9394, 0.00840947, -0.000192841, -4.2106e-06],
      [0.9761, 0.00616527, -0.000256, -4.2106e-06],
      [1.0000, 0.00328947, -0.000319159, -4.2106e-06]
  ];
  
  var FXC = 0.8487;
  var FYC = 1.3523;
  var C1 = R2D/5; // rad to 5-degree interval
  var RC1 = 1/C1;
  var NODES = 18;
  
  var poly3_val = function(coefs, x) {
      return coefs[0] + x * (coefs[1] + x * (coefs[2] + x * coefs[3]));
  };
  
  var poly3_der = function(coefs, x) {
      return coefs[1] + x * (2 * coefs[2] + x * 3 * coefs[3]);
  };
  
  function newton_rapshon(f_df, start, max_err, iters) {
      var x = start;
      for (; iters; --iters) {
          var upd = f_df(x);
          x -= upd;
          if (Math.abs(upd) < max_err) {
              break;
          }
      }
      return x;
  }
  
  function init$28() {
      this.x0 = this.x0 || 0;
      this.y0 = this.y0 || 0;
      this.long0 = this.long0 || 0;
      this.es = 0;
      this.title = this.title || "Robinson";
  }
  
  function forward$27(ll) {
      var lon = adjust_lon(ll.x - this.long0);
  
      var dphi = Math.abs(ll.y);
      var i = Math.floor(dphi * C1);
      if (i < 0) {
          i = 0;
      } else if (i >= NODES) {
          i = NODES - 1;
      }
      dphi = R2D * (dphi - RC1 * i);
      var xy = {
          x: poly3_val(COEFS_X[i], dphi) * lon,
          y: poly3_val(COEFS_Y[i], dphi)
      };
      if (ll.y < 0) {
          xy.y = -xy.y;
      }
  
      xy.x = xy.x * this.a * FXC + this.x0;
      xy.y = xy.y * this.a * FYC + this.y0;
      return xy;
  }
  
  function inverse$27(xy) {
      var ll = {
          x: (xy.x - this.x0) / (this.a * FXC),
          y: Math.abs(xy.y - this.y0) / (this.a * FYC)
      };
  
      if (ll.y >= 1) { // pathologic case
          ll.x /= COEFS_X[NODES][0];
          ll.y = xy.y < 0 ? -HALF_PI : HALF_PI;
      } else {
          // find table interval
          var i = Math.floor(ll.y * NODES);
          if (i < 0) {
              i = 0;
          } else if (i >= NODES) {
              i = NODES - 1;
          }
          for (;;) {
              if (COEFS_Y[i][0] > ll.y) {
                  --i;
              } else if (COEFS_Y[i+1][0] <= ll.y) {
                  ++i;
              } else {
                  break;
              }
          }
          // linear interpolation in 5 degree interval
          var coefs = COEFS_Y[i];
          var t = 5 * (ll.y - coefs[0]) / (COEFS_Y[i+1][0] - coefs[0]);
          // find t so that poly3_val(coefs, t) = ll.y
          t = newton_rapshon(function(x) {
              return (poly3_val(coefs, x) - ll.y) / poly3_der(coefs, x);
          }, t, EPSLN, 100);
  
          ll.x /= poly3_val(COEFS_X[i], t);
          ll.y = (5 * i + t) * D2R;
          if (xy.y < 0) {
              ll.y = -ll.y;
          }
      }
  
      ll.x = adjust_lon(ll.x + this.long0);
      return ll;
  }
  
  var names$29 = ["Robinson", "robin"];
  var robin = {
    init: init$28,
    forward: forward$27,
    inverse: inverse$27,
    names: names$29
  };
  
  function init$29() {
      this.name = 'geocent';
  
  }
  
  function forward$28(p) {
      var point = geodeticToGeocentric(p, this.es, this.a);
      return point;
  }
  
  function inverse$28(p) {
      var point = geocentricToGeodetic(p, this.es, this.a, this.b);
      return point;
  }
  
  var names$30 = ["Geocentric", 'geocentric', "geocent", "Geocent"];
  var geocent = {
      init: init$29,
      forward: forward$28,
      inverse: inverse$28,
      names: names$30
  };
  
  var mode = {
    N_POLE: 0,
    S_POLE: 1,
    EQUIT: 2,
    OBLIQ: 3
  };
  
  var params = {
    h:     { def: 100000, num: true },           // default is Karman line, no default in PROJ.7
    azi:   { def: 0, num: true, degrees: true }, // default is North
    tilt:  { def: 0, num: true, degrees: true }, // default is Nadir
    long0: { def: 0, num: true },                // default is Greenwich, conversion to rad is automatic
    lat0:  { def: 0, num: true }                 // default is Equator, conversion to rad is automatic
  };
  
  function init$30() {
    Object.keys(params).forEach(function (p) {
      if (typeof this[p] === "undefined") {
        this[p] = params[p].def;
      } else if (params[p].num && isNaN(this[p])) {
        throw new Error("Invalid parameter value, must be numeric " + p + " = " + this[p]);
      } else if (params[p].num) {
        this[p] = parseFloat(this[p]);
      }
      if (params[p].degrees) {
        this[p] = this[p] * D2R;
      }
    }.bind(this));
  
    if (Math.abs((Math.abs(this.lat0) - HALF_PI)) < EPSLN) {
      this.mode = this.lat0 < 0 ? mode.S_POLE : mode.N_POLE;
    } else if (Math.abs(this.lat0) < EPSLN) {
      this.mode = mode.EQUIT;
    } else {
      this.mode = mode.OBLIQ;
      this.sinph0 = Math.sin(this.lat0);
      this.cosph0 = Math.cos(this.lat0);
    }
  
    this.pn1 = this.h / this.a;  // Normalize relative to the Earth's radius
  
    if (this.pn1 <= 0 || this.pn1 > 1e10) {
      throw new Error("Invalid height");
    }
    
    this.p = 1 + this.pn1;
    this.rp = 1 / this.p;
    this.h1 = 1 / this.pn1;
    this.pfact = (this.p + 1) * this.h1;
    this.es = 0;
  
    var omega = this.tilt;
    var gamma = this.azi;
    this.cg = Math.cos(gamma);
    this.sg = Math.sin(gamma);
    this.cw = Math.cos(omega);
    this.sw = Math.sin(omega);
  }
  
  function forward$29(p) {
    p.x -= this.long0;
    var sinphi = Math.sin(p.y);
    var cosphi = Math.cos(p.y);
    var coslam = Math.cos(p.x);
    var x, y;
    switch (this.mode) {
      case mode.OBLIQ:
        y = this.sinph0 * sinphi + this.cosph0 * cosphi * coslam;
        break;
      case mode.EQUIT:
        y = cosphi * coslam;
        break;
      case mode.S_POLE:
        y = -sinphi;
        break;
      case mode.N_POLE:
        y = sinphi;
        break;
    }
    y = this.pn1 / (this.p - y);
    x = y * cosphi * Math.sin(p.x);
  
    switch (this.mode) {
      case mode.OBLIQ:
        y *= this.cosph0 * sinphi - this.sinph0 * cosphi * coslam;
        break;
      case mode.EQUIT:
        y *= sinphi;
        break;
      case mode.N_POLE:
        y *= -(cosphi * coslam);
        break;
      case mode.S_POLE:
        y *= cosphi * coslam;
        break;
    }
  
    // Tilt 
    var yt, ba;
    yt = y * this.cg + x * this.sg;
    ba = 1 / (yt * this.sw * this.h1 + this.cw);
    x = (x * this.cg - y * this.sg) * this.cw * ba;
    y = yt * ba;
  
    p.x = x * this.a;
    p.y = y * this.a;
    return p;
  }
  
  function inverse$29(p) {
    p.x /= this.a;
    p.y /= this.a;
    var r = { x: p.x, y: p.y };
  
    // Un-Tilt
    var bm, bq, yt;
    yt = 1 / (this.pn1 - p.y * this.sw);
    bm = this.pn1 * p.x * yt;
    bq = this.pn1 * p.y * this.cw * yt;
    p.x = bm * this.cg + bq * this.sg;
    p.y = bq * this.cg - bm * this.sg;
  
    var rh = hypot(p.x, p.y);
    if (Math.abs(rh) < EPSLN) {
      r.x = 0;
      r.y = p.y;
    } else {
      var cosz, sinz;
      sinz = 1 - rh * rh * this.pfact;
      sinz = (this.p - Math.sqrt(sinz)) / (this.pn1 / rh + rh / this.pn1);
      cosz = Math.sqrt(1 - sinz * sinz);
      switch (this.mode) {
        case mode.OBLIQ:
          r.y = Math.asin(cosz * this.sinph0 + p.y * sinz * this.cosph0 / rh);
          p.y = (cosz - this.sinph0 * Math.sin(r.y)) * rh;
          p.x *= sinz * this.cosph0;
          break;
        case mode.EQUIT:
          r.y = Math.asin(p.y * sinz / rh);
          p.y = cosz * rh;
          p.x *= sinz;
          break;
        case mode.N_POLE:
          r.y = Math.asin(cosz);
          p.y = -p.y;
          break;
        case mode.S_POLE:
          r.y = -Math.asin(cosz);
          break;
      }
      r.x = Math.atan2(p.x, p.y);
    }
  
    p.x = r.x + this.long0;
    p.y = r.y;
    return p;
  }
  
  var names$31 = ["Tilted_Perspective", "tpers"];
  var tpers = {
    init: init$30,
    forward: forward$29,
    inverse: inverse$29,
    names: names$31
  };
  
  var includedProjections = function(proj4){
    proj4.Proj.projections.add(tmerc);
    proj4.Proj.projections.add(etmerc);
    proj4.Proj.projections.add(utm);
    proj4.Proj.projections.add(sterea);
    proj4.Proj.projections.add(stere);
    proj4.Proj.projections.add(somerc);
    proj4.Proj.projections.add(omerc);
    proj4.Proj.projections.add(lcc);
    proj4.Proj.projections.add(krovak);
    proj4.Proj.projections.add(cass);
    proj4.Proj.projections.add(laea);
    proj4.Proj.projections.add(aea);
    proj4.Proj.projections.add(gnom);
    proj4.Proj.projections.add(cea);
    proj4.Proj.projections.add(eqc);
    proj4.Proj.projections.add(poly);
    proj4.Proj.projections.add(nzmg);
    proj4.Proj.projections.add(mill);
    proj4.Proj.projections.add(sinu);
    proj4.Proj.projections.add(moll);
    proj4.Proj.projections.add(eqdc);
    proj4.Proj.projections.add(vandg);
    proj4.Proj.projections.add(aeqd);
    proj4.Proj.projections.add(ortho);
    proj4.Proj.projections.add(qsc);
    proj4.Proj.projections.add(robin);
    proj4.Proj.projections.add(geocent);
    proj4.Proj.projections.add(tpers);
  };
  
  proj4.defaultDatum = 'WGS84'; //default datum
  proj4.Proj = Projection;
  proj4.WGS84 = new proj4.Proj('WGS84');
  proj4.Point = Point;
  proj4.toPoint = toPoint;
  proj4.defs = defs;
  proj4.nadgrid = nadgrid;
  proj4.transform = transform;
  proj4.mgrs = mgrs;
  proj4.version = '2.7.6-alpha';
  includedProjections(proj4);
  
  export default proj4;
  /**
   * 坐标系转换类
   * @class
   */
  /**
   * @method proj4.encryption
   */